Sugayo's Java Teakwood Experience

Crisis Oil, Train Condense Weared Again?

2008-05-12T08:11:00.000-07:00

Story - Forest - Utilization

From information collection which I get time stop by at Indonesia Train Museum in Ambarawa, Regency Semarang, I then conceive if for example locomotive of steam engine wearied again in era now, a period to where oil fuel supply [Indonesian term: BBM] have decreased to have.

Directive from level consume teak firewood a number of 3 meter cubic [size measure referred as inveterate firewood heap of staple meter/s-m] to run locomotive [B2502; B2503; E1060] drawing two wagon as far as 10 kilometers, hence as computable mean hold if one vapors locomotive will need 30 s-m firewood to make a move as far as 100 kilometers.

Just mention, in year 1940 [at normal era of locomotive transportation condense in Dutch Indies] there are 1000 locomotive operating [data precisely it is said 982], so that with assumption every day one locomotive walk 100 kilometers, needed by as much 30.000 s-m wood [30X1000] every day, or a number of 900.000 s-m to one month [30.000 smX30 days], and or amount to 10.950.000 s-m firewood in one year [365 days].

To my covey which Administrator Perum Perhutani KPH East Pekalongan, Imam Fuji Raharjo, and some other covey in Office Perhutani Central Java Unit, my fad is to take a look that number. Can the Perhutani forest area is provide it?

They say might possibly, because total amount of forest area produce Perhutani in this time relative still like ready at the first time, when in a period of colonial governance is first mapped.

In discipline of science produce forest wood, is one of them is recognized with term of wide “etat” nor “riap” of wood forest product, what simply leave from calculation of ability each tree of forest in yielding growth volume of his wood during specified period, so that can be appraised by a amount produce certain wood from totalizing of tree in each wide of area.

In management principle of forest on an ongoing basis [silvikultur] recognized also existence of consecution technique of tree seldom in forest produce, is among other things conducted in age of crop five first year and five second year.

In area of teak forest produce, wood of forest result of treatment seldom that also truthfully drawn up by as fuel wood, difficult so that hesitated by if device of company class of teak forest, following swampy division of forest location of Union of Forest Lap [Indonesian short term: KPH] what almost flatten in entire Java, is also intended for supply of requirement train transportation in a period those previously.

Problem of fast train condense, era first even also someone have able to reach 90 kilometers per hour, while about freshment of wagon, isn't it true that can be hybrid with modern technology?
[SJTE - P05J03]

Our Forest Future: Pessimist or Optimism?

2008-03-15T17:27:00.000-07:00

By
Purbayu Budi Santosa *)

Indonesia Forestry Minister [Indonesian short-term: Menhut], MS Kaban in event of meeting all “Pesantren” maisonette nursemaid of Central Java Province in Bandungan, expressing damage of forest in this time have very feel concerned about. Level of forest damage experience of improvement from 1, 8 million hectare per year at a past of period, now reach 2, 8 million hectare per year (Wawasan, 14 January 2008).

Multatuli nickname state of Indonesia as emerald in equator, one of them is caused by properties of the forest with all variety involves which is consisted in it. But, this time the forests owned by Indonesia like expressed by Menhut have experienced of hard damage. Native country now is sorrowing, because it is possible that what nicknamed by Multatuli, later except those beware of can omit memory.

Conversing problem of forest this time feel blanketed by feeling the pessimism. Case of change of management of forest become crop of industry which do not go by the book which ought to, forest management production which is not followed by the effort cultivation return, mutilation of national park and protected forest, forest fire and also illegal logging which in fact have done old and experience of unidirectional increase latterly openly the faucet democratize, hence future of forestry more and more hesitated.

All expert of environment even have brought to justice death for forest (Barber Et al, 1999). At least 15 million hectare of tropical forest vanish every year, eliminating plant species, animal and also aborigin and make world of poorer place either through involving and also culturally; chance of regional forest sub-tropical climate and forest of such as those which there are in state of part of United States in coast of Northwest Pacific with the different reason with tropical deforesting [because forest wood exploiting] also experience of similar damage. Even require to be noted, that more or less semi of forest of world located in region sub-tropical climate, almost a quarter reside in ex Soviet and almost one fifth of residing in North America.

Pessimist
Unidirectional by lead of clarification century, whereabouts growth of science tend to instruct to positivism, hence which is made account of visible matter, material matter in character, while matter which immaterial so put aside. Efficacy of somebody even the state more laid eyes on by attainment of high items, what sometimes less lay eyes on process of acquirement.

Is laid eyes on an economic size measure whereabouts’ increase of earnings represent progress indicator. State told to go forward if earnings of national is high, what in the economic indicator of mirror will also with growth of high economics.

An effort forestry is beyond question laid eyes on contribution to national earnings, from three approach earnings of existing nationality, visible how his contribution to produce, earnings and also for expenditure.

If seen in concept of national earnings, various action of deforesting which in fact impinge rule of existing law perhaps will degrade quantity of its number, what in the end will decline economic growth. Not to mention if discourse of earnings national of proposed green, where about the environmental damage follow considered, hence quantity of its number will glide sharply, which can be mottled of performance of economic development.

Estimate reality found by like the, in fact as if happened by opposition of between economic growth and the environmental damage, one of them is hit forest damage. Pessimism of future of development of symptom can be strong, because increase of prosperity measured gone apply it the earnings at any times earn corruption by danger of ecology ruination, like floods, pollution and more and more to go up of air temperature.

Optimism
To reaching of more future fulfilled by the optimism, hence from elementary congeniality of development, perhaps not merely increase of just earnings to be gone to, however environmental permanence cannot be bargained again occupy unidirectional and parallel portion. Permanence of forest as one of strong forerunner of environmental permanence shall become especial priority and have to represent an undoubtedly.

Forest and area of forest have appropriately trusted to own much more big benefit than value of economics which directly is easy go the than exploiting of wood is mere. Existence of its area and forest is everlasting represent guarantee for balance ecosystems, for balancing continuity of process hydro-ecology (counter balance arrange water) as primary factor of supporter of cycle climatologic, circumstance of change of friendly weather and season and can be estimated, representing fundamental of human being civilization continuation .

Utilize to reach target of the happening of everlasting forest in future perhaps need hard work from all of us. Developed countries which forest is a lot destroy ahead because efficacy of economic development walk ahead of developing, have to remain to improve condition of his forest destroyed. Developed countries cannot only blame other state; especially the tropical state is continuously alleged ruined forest, whereas self is delicious build economically less pay attention to permanence of forest.

Cooperation mutually understanding among developed countries and developing need more improved to remain to take care of permanence of planet environment and world, like have been commended in United Nation on Conference of Change of Climate which is carried out in Bali date of 3- 14 December 2007. Aid of donor presumably can be passed to by a famous developing with its tropical forest and represent world lung. The aid have to be given without considering political aspect, social and punish, because developed countries both of the same have importance to the continuity of our life with in future.

Management of everlasting forest has to can be run by interested parties. Various criterion of division of forest and destine it have to be coincided, like area of experienced asylum and the territorial water, protected forest, forest of production limited, forest of production remain to and forest of production which can be converted.

Efficacy management of everlasting forest has to consider various alternative of policy which can be specified. Some choice of policy which can be taken among other things revitalizes of forestry company, continuing approach of prosperity which is for example reachable by PHBM (Forest Development with Society), modification of security duty of forest area with join entire stakeholders of security area and also repair of performance and quality of public communications.

Existence of forest in future is not must be fulfilled by feeling the pessimism, origin punish upheld and the political willingness from the interested parties [political] have to get especial priority, hence permanence of forest is can represent an undoubtedly. Thereby damage of forest in various area need is immediately discontinued and done by forest recovery step [reboisasi], while all perpetrator of damageable without differentiating conducted by process of according to applicable law. [Article 01-SJTE]

*)Dr. Purbayu Budi Santosa is teacher of Economics and Development Study, Faculty of Economics, Diponegoro University, Semarang

The Denok teak tree 300 years old

2008-03-08T01:56:00.000-08:00

story - forest - timberland

Photograph: The Denok teak tree 300 years; this picture taken at Tuesday 8 July 2003; relevance article: P07J02 - SJTE

The mystery of teak tree 300 year so called Denok

2008-03-08T01:53:00.000-08:00

Story - Forest - Timberland

In regency Blora, region there are experienced of teak tree have age about 300 year. Measured from town Jakarta situation, this old tree reside in dot 7 degree 53 South arch latitude minute [LS] and 4 degree 34 East meridian minute [BT]; in forest Perum Perhutani number check 62 RPH Temetes, BKPH Temanjang, Forest Lap Union [ KPH] Randublatung.

Giant Tree which the radian size measure of its bar jetty equivalent of embrace six man is these days named the " Denok", typical term of Java to woman buttonhole have body to chubby.

How history of the “Denok", and what also the behavioral story of human being accompanying a period to growing of? Journalist Sugayo Jawama, permit Administrator KPH Randublatung, Andi Purwadi, Tuesday [8 July 2003] having a time to visit that historic tree.

Sunshine to beat 14.00 WIB [west Indonesian time], that day shine hot, worker Perum Perhutani Forest Lap Union entourage moment [KPH] Randublatung squire me – go up Jip Daihatsu Rocky with a truck and contain one group of forest police - going to the location.

On the way have the nuance to this adventure, I become to remember story - about tree of a kind that - four last year from a covey in in-services Perhutani in province NTB. This Old Covey - what have undertaken in Randublatung, when finding him in town Sumbawa, have time to say experienced problem of mystery around old teak tree.

"In teak Randublatung forest there is old tree which is in its bar there are a number of Keris weapon and of other Java traditional weapons," he said in the year 1999 when I met him in Sumbawa Island.

According to he, the tree newly ' will' cut away after done by ceremony ritual Java belief tradition by one who is the expert in the business. "Before conducted by special ritual, that tree is difficult cut away, their entire hewers are sudden exactly the mysterious pain," decompose the covey again.

By having story from the covey - what nowadays don't know where about - this is later become memory complement in compiling this copy: as long as journey go to teak Denok location [8 July 2003].

From Randublatung [office KPH - town mount Kawedanan [sub region] in Regency Blora – transportation of below hot shine of that dry season sun go to north, through one of town forest garden side which is being blazed the way by Perhutani with local government.

Public road pave as long as 30 kilometers which split around forest area produce teak - to come to town Blora - that is really silent traffic of.

Most often rub up against vehicles wood conveyor and some countryside citizen, what its distance each other that so far, cycling to transport wood rencek tree stick alias for the traditional kitchen firewood.

"Might possibly among that truck there is which transporting illegal of wood. But this one the sure times immediately hide because them possible know from communications radio wave, if us in motion," word Hadi, driver Jip which we board to.

It is said word of the " Ambon Three" this, in wood thief group there is special commissioned watch worker Perhutani movement every day, inclusive of through communications radio-set.

Journey penetrate forest area day time that really silent grasp. Possible also can take fright all tree thieves, monitoring our entourage make a move with a truck contain security troop’s forest.

Transportation atmosphere on that (it) is true look like with when those entire workers Perhutani in a condition undertake forest area security operation.

In that introductory Jip, besides there is Hadi [driver] and Andan Liaison worker, is also joined by a important functionary in KPH Randublatung, is, [Common/ Public] Ajun/Kepala Forestry Technique [KTKU], Agus Santoso.

As well as, tens of interceptor and hunter Team member [" Buser"] black Uniformed Perhutani, accompanying us of [is from the top (of) boisterous fast truck basin.

After pass through over about 18 kilometers from office KPH situation as starting points departure, this two motor vehicle turn lefty: through dusty public road without asphalt, split deeper forest again go to location Resort Forest Lap [RPH] Temetes, that is teak Denok place stand up.
[P07J02.1- SJTE]

Look like guerrilla team to infiltrate the raging fire

2008-03-08T01:49:00.000-08:00

Story - Forest - Timberland

Visible in margin line of public road of have crook in bevel of Kendeng hill calcify mountain, below straightened of teak forest which is be killed leaf in dry season, some dot of crowd large fire group effect of burned dry leaf.

"Ordinary occurrences in dry season, effect is act of fad or probably because the stub which thrown promiscuously," comment of Hadi again, about dot of fire which more and more seen the at all points.

In rare dry season, when moments of rain very rare descend, almost in each place in area forest of easy teak so met [by] dot of the raging fire. Word of Worker Perhutani, fire like that is not dangerous because generally will extinguish by self incurred by a dew between two lights.

"Never mind, because tree of teak generally hold up fire lick," he said problem is possibility of hot influence of fire for growth of tree bar.

For bar of tree of teak which have age might possibly do not have an effect on, but for young teak plants of course will have an effect on ugly for his growth rate.

But, is after all told do not have an effect on, but heat of the raging of fire joined by dusty sprinkling of dry leaf which fly mixed with dirt of effect drub fast vehicles progressively add hot and damp of air in the area.

"Atmosphere - with view of like this - maybe like medium infiltrate station of guerrilla team, yes?!" Hadi’s joke, as great as making hearing sad laughed.

After, crinkle [berkelak-kelok] of through bevel of public road in gap of hill and dale which look like this battlefield, entourage even also start to enter area of forest in check of number 62 RPH Temetes in Shares of Union of Forest Lap [BKPH] Temanjang: location tree of old teak have epithet to the Denok.

When arriving at such place, seen by Asper BKPH Temanjang [Mr. Gading] and Mantri of Forest [Mr. Darman], Lead RPH Temetes, devoted wait us.

That moment, our entourage do not is only greeted by a functionary second [“Pak Sinder” [chief of BKPH] and Pak Mantri – chief of RPH - Forest] underwriter reply forest Perhutani terracing safety in the area.

Three dot of the raging of fire from serasah [dry leaf] which still be burned, right across under straightened of old teak tree is which have been fenced to circle that, as if partake also greet our arrival.

After extinguishable fire, just immediately the especial mission from this visit is run: namely make a picture the scarce tree.

A number of team member ' Buser' and some officer Perhutani joining, by request of, rushing about to give or obtain cash for its duty: partly pose for to huddle up and other stand up to from other side to support authenticity this photograph.
[P07J02.2-SJTE]

About Denok teak tree and accurate of the age

2008-03-08T01:20:00.000-08:00

Story - Forest - Timberland

"Don’t you will enquire history in around this teak Denok tree?" saying Mantri Forest Darman, opening conversation after following to pose for.

In the middle of conversation take place, Andan of the Liaison worker even also follow business unroll map which is since mentioned grasping of. "In order to his data is more accurate," he said and also explain map sheet with Ajun KTKU Agus Santoso.

According to Darman, two and a half year in position KRPH Temetes, name Denok of initially is epithet given by all forest worker to a woman opening shop eat under teak tree in past era.

"Possible the past centenary, or longer then also," Darman say about story of a woman booth owner who vending its merchandiser below that tree.

Is not thrown by a word agree among worker Perhutani which that evening follow to gather around under tree, about year number when exactly epithet Denok start attached in that old teak.

Is just only, than oral information corps which they hear hereditarily, can be groped by a number estimate of hundreds of past year along emerges and expand it the kindness history energy of teak plants in this area.

Refer the experienced teak tree age is which the calculation Perhutani word have reached 300 year, inferential then that at range of time three past century of teak plants which there have grow experienced.

Don't know how nature attends teak forest there, is not made available by definitive information and this problem inch.

But, there are several different among teak tree of forest by grow naturally with have through interference human being treatment; and its so easy marking differentiated intensive.

Treatment marking of human being for a teak forest area, among other things is tree action existence seldom in each certain age period, so that the closeness usher tree awaked in definitive distance.

Except that, also the treatment pruning existence at young crop age, so that when growing big of tree bar is diametrical circular without ramification of because since still in the form of stick have been clipped [pruning].

For understanding guidance of like the, hence conclusion that teak Denok is one from so much teak plants of nature which have got there seen by a reality, that is, tree branch and the tree bar circle and also straightness less perfect.

According to on file information shiver from unrighteous note of Perhutani, teak cultivation era in intend [crop culture] in the area started by about range of 150 last year.

At time of that's arrival phase all forest worker, good to activity take wood from later and also experienced forest work to clean farm [land clearing] in location secondhand cut away so that in the area start done by cultivation period return.

Possibility of big, in a period to this is epithet Denok appearance. Namely, when under straightened of nature teak which intentionally be leaved over by this a woman have body to chubby, routine to serve of food and beverage to cure energy of all worker in having rest time.

"This tree radian bar is fairish now 650 centimeter which is if calculated by its diameter reaches 2, 1 meter," express KTKU Agus Santoso; about old tree let by grow in those heights 70 meter from sea level [m dpl].

According to he, guesstimate old age tree of 300 of that year is accurate enough, because relate at formula of calculation age of inveterate tree wearied by the forester circle.
[P07J02.3 - SJTE]

Old teak tree and the number gambling culture

2008-03-08T01:17:00.000-08:00

Story - Forest - Timberland

And, as common to instinct of human being esteeming extraordinary existence, this old tree because viewed as by one of existing is not ordinary, frequently become habit people intention target believed only can be reached by through way of excruciatingly.

"Here oftentimes come the people who hope its desire is existed. Then if proven, they will come returning to give or obtain cash for nadar which making a promise of," saying Mantri Darman lay open his witness about way of approach of a group of people for this old existence teak.

"But latter often this place is people who hope to earn inspire [Meta data of expectation] riddle number which snugly to install Togel," saying of a member Buser that agreed by his friend.

“Dark Togel’ or tail of number gambling alias is one of recent phenomenon which is enthusiasm in this country.

Where people cope to drape his life repair day-dream, when other efforts for the expectation mesh will progressively just lour.

It is said, all foreigners which is have that intention visit to this old tree in sweet Thursday [Selasa legi] night have, stock to powder, fragrance and of a kind.

"Then if later succeed, their return to come and also perform event of traditional party of alias thank goodness," say Darman of about tradition which is often performed below tree which grow in that Kendeng hill area.

Event of traditional party of thanks or which not rarely joined by the bustle invitingly all dancer of folk art of Tayub for have the stage, making old tree is which grow in region of chief of village Jatisari, Sub district Banjarrejo, This Blora growing just special.
[P07J02.4-SJTE]

Old Tree in preserve of Teak forest

2008-03-08T01:06:00.000-08:00

Story - Forest - Timberland

caption fotograph: 3750 old tree in this forest area; this photograph taken at Tuesday, 8 July 2003; relevance article: P07J02.5-SJTE

3750 old tree in preserve area monument of Teak

2008-03-08T00:57:00.000-08:00

Story - Forest - Timberland

Not too far location from tree of teak Denok, about three kilometer distance, there are monument forest of old teak for the width of 25, 4 hectares in forest check number 37 regional b of RPH Gumeng, BKPH Temanjang, Union of Forest Lap [KPH] Randublatung.

With calculation 150 tree in each wide one hectare, estimated there (be) still 3750 tree of experienced teak in a state of age between 100 until 150 year with of radian size measure of bar of mean 300 centimeter, in circular size swampy of forest, measure outside each bar of tree here gyrate from 145 centimeter of up to 455 centimeter.

"But that only just the estimate, cause of sure number which the unrighteous please asked of Hall Conservation of Experienced Resource (BKSDA) Departmental of Forestry," Gading word [ 8 July 2003], Assistant Perhutani [ Asper] BKPH Temanjang

According to him, because the area enters allotment of Preserve hence its management is delivered to BKSDA, while, interference of Perum Perhutani, only in area observation of security.

In the location of arrival of our entourage is greeted by Mantri of Forest Margono, what is none other than also Lead RPH Gumeng.

Like also when visiting teak Denok, target of visit to Preserve forest of this teak also for the purpose of similar: namely, making a picture people huddle up tree, beside witnessing how still a lot of met by pickings of old teak plants although situation of this state in a condition concern a lot of aspect of life.

Then, just immediately all consanguinity work that Perhutani sprier pose for to huddle up each tree which can be caught by a camera lens, whilst the beam Sun evening still shine fairly its.

Though forest of teak in area which has been specified by as this Preserve can be told peaceful, but non meaning without a hitch is at all.

According to Sinder Temanjang, Gading, in top of crisis in early era of reform of year 1998 then, this place also have time to draw fire all tree thief.

"Last have time to be stolen by a number of 12 previous year and tree 18 trees. Grand total more or less 40 tree is inclusive of which crumple because natural factor," say Sinder Gading.

According to Pak Sinder, thief of that tree later can be under arrest obtaining to adjudged justice.

It is said, he said, the thief is one or the other of resident of Dukuh Ngimbang, countryside Tanggel, Sub district Randublatung, Blora, a area of settlement apart among three kilometer from Preserve area.

He tells, because representing experienced plant, difficult so that ascertained when the year plant each tree of the teak.

Though apart do not far with area of settlement of resident and encircled by a number of wasteland, but area of preserve forest of this teak have is condition to enough nicely, because in it still can be met by kinds of wild animal is original the than local type.

"Here still met multifarious of wild animal like monkey, peacock chicken, deer, fox, grate, armadillo and definitive still be searched by easy is partridge," say Gading.

Multifarious type of typical bird experienced forest of teak even also the gallivanting, that is: Derkuku; Juan; Kutilang; Peacock Chicken; Woodpecker; and also bird Kadalan
[P07J02.5-SJTE]

3 m3 Firewood of Teak for Traveled Distance 10 kilometers

2008-03-02T05:14:00.000-08:00

History - Teak wood - Utilization

In museum of Train Ambarawa, Central Java is in this time remained by three unit of locomotive of output of year 1902 which still is competent walk: three steam engine which is made by one of factory in that Germany [Emil Kessler] with serial number B2502; B2503 and E1060.

One of among other things is oftentimes wearer - custom-built - drawing two wagon of have capacities to 90 passenger: serving route of tourist train of jagged railroad apart twice 5 kilometers [go and back] between railway station Ambarawa [474 meters of is above sea level] and station Bedono [711 meters] in area mountain of have cold atmosphere [to]

Energetic locomotive of that aqueous vapory, each time run duty draw two passenger tourist wagon [still original product of wood: made in Dutch] as long as the trip [10 kilometers; 489 meters of jagged rill], needing fuel in the form of teak of a number of three meter cubic [3 m3]; and for phase of warm-up of water tank - time three clock of before start - is also needed by 3m3 teak.
[P04J10 – SJTE]

About Ambarawa Museum of Train

2008-03-02T05:12:00.001-08:00

History – Teak wood – Utilization

Since year 1950 On duty Train [DKA] start to change energetic locomotive condense with diesel energy; so that enter year 1970 steam locomotive start to enter era of antique goods along shall no longer be produced by its maker in Europe.

Governor of Province of Central Java work along Railroads Company [PJKA] in his area have is initiative to collect steam locomotive and putting its in Railway station Ambarawa - what is in era of colonial recognized with the title Station of Willem II.

By the end of year 1976, a number of 21 locomotives condense to become collection of this museum; with one among other things - assessed by most historic republic of Indonesia struggle - placed in Monument Palagan [a symbol of struggle warrior]; Station of formal Ambarawa function museum of commencing from 21 April 1978.

Collection of eldest Locomotives is brand of year 1891 [C.1140]; newest [ CC.5029: made by year 1928]; slowest locomotive [B.2014: speed of max 35 km/hour]; quickest loco [C.2821: 90km/h]; lightest [B.2014: 17,1 ton]; heaviest [CC.5029: 113 ton]; short [B.2014: 5,790 m]; longest [CC.5029: 19,902 m]; feeblest [B.2014: 200 horse power]; and strongest [CC.5029: 1190 horse power];

Besides a number of locomotive of the vapors, there be still five other unit in Depot Station - three among other things that is B.2502; B.2503 and E1060 which still can be operated; also five wagon of passenger and one goods cart.

Ambarawa – a small town have the cold atmosphere to and the beautiful view - owning important meaning in a period to colonialism: dale in highlands encircled by this mountain is one of military center [there are fortress of defender of Willem I] governance of Dutch Indies.
[P04J09 – SJTE]

Chronology of Develop Indonesia Museum of Train

2008-03-02T05:10:00.000-08:00

History - Teak Wood - Utilization

1. 24 April 1983: Tourism Minister, Post and Telecommunications - Ahmad Tahir - visiting Museum of Train of Indonesia in Ambarawa - Central Java;

2. 16 March 1983: Ancient Director on Duty the National - Amir Soetarjo - with a number of historian check Museum Train – Ambarawa;

3. 21 April 1978: Minister of Transportation - Rusmin Noerjadin - paying a visit to Museum of Train and enjoy packet tour of jagged train;

4. 28 November 1977: Head of Middle Area Exploitation [KETH], Railroads Company [PJKA - Ir. Soeharso - by letter number of Th.23377/77 KETH report to Managing Director of PJKA in Bandung: giving suggestion in order to management of museum of train is not handled by PJKA but by Government of Provinsi Central Java;

5. 21 January 1977: guest from Province of Timor East - Governor and entourage - have time to stop in this Museum;

6. A letter the date of 9 October 1976 with number Th. 15687/78 KETH: containing report to Managing Director of Train in Bandung of about forming of committee of executor of train museum;

7. 6 October 1976: Commission of D of Area Parliament [DPRD] Central Java evaluate location of museum of train will in Ambarawa; and agree plan of development museum;

8. 18 May 1976: by letter number Th.7686/76, KETH PJKA raise concept plan job to Central Java Governor;

9. 28 April 1976: KETH PJKA form commissioned committee collect items museum, relate his letter is date of 24 April 1976 number Th.6608/Sk/76;

10. 8 April 1976: Head of Middle Exploitation of PJKA - Ir. Soeharso - meeting Central Java Governor - Soepardjo Roestam - studying plan of development of Museum of Indonesia Train.
[P04J08-SJTE]

Final a Period of Train Kedungjati - Jogyakarta

2008-03-02T05:08:00.000-08:00

History - Teak Wood - Utilization

1. Route Kedungjati - Ambarawa: ended at 1977;

2. Route Magelang - Jogyakarta: 1974;

3. Route Magelang - Parakan: 1973;

4. Route Ambarawa - Magelang: ended at 1967.
[P04J07-SJTE]

Train and Tram Company in Era of Dutch Indies

2008-03-02T05:06:00.000-08:00

History – Teak wood – Utilization

1. NIS: route Semarang - Surakarta - Jogyakarta [ 1864-1873]; Jakarta - Bogor [ 1869-1873]; Gundih - Surabaya [ 1900-1903]; Solo - Boyolali [ 1 May 1908]; Brosot - Sewagalur [ 1 April 1916]; Ngabean - Pundung [ 1917-1919]; Bojonegoro - Jatirogo [ 1 May 1919]; Solo - Wonogiri [ 1 April 1922]; Semarang Tawang - Semarang Gudang – Pelabuhan [ 1914-1924];

2. SS: Surabaya - Pasuruan - Malang [1878-1879]; Pasuruan - Probolinggo [3 May 1884]; Surabaya - Surakarta of through Wonokromo and Sidoarjo [1884]; Sidoarjo - Madiun - Blitar [16 May 1884]; Bogor - Bandung - Cicalengka [10 September 1884]; Yogyakarta - Cilacap [1887]; Cicalengka - Cilacap [1894]; Cicalengka - Garut [1886]; Jakarta - Priok [2 November 1885]; Tulungangung - Trenggalek [1921-1922]; Madiun - Ponorogo - Sumoroto [1907]; Situbondo - Panji [1 May 1908]; Balong - Ambulu [ 3 May 1913]; Rambipuji - Puger [3 May 1913]; Tasikmalaya - Singapura [15 September 1912]; Jakarta - Krawang [1887-1898]; Krawang - Rengasdengklok [ 9 Februari 1920];

3. SJS - Semarang-Joana Stroomtram Maatschappij: Semarang - Genuk - Demak - Kudus - Pati - Joana [1883-1884]; Demak - Purwodadi - Blora [1888-1894]; Mayong - Pecangaan [5 May 1895]; Wirosari - Kradenan [1 November 1898]; Lasem - Jatirogo [1914-1919]; Rembang - Cepu of through Blora [1902-1903]; Joana - Lasem [1 May 1900]; Mayong - Welahan [10 November 1900];

4. SDS - Serajoedol Stroomtram Maatschappij: Maos - Purbalingga [1896-1900]; Banjarnegara - Wonosobo [1916-1917];

5. OJS - Oost-Java Stroomtram Maatschappij: Ujung - Wonokromo - Sepanjang - Krian [1889-1898]; Mojokerto - Ngobo [1889-1898]; Gamekan - Dinoyo [1889-1898]; Wonokerto - Wates [1 April 1909]; Wonokromo – Jembatan Merah – Tanjung Perak - Sawahan - Tunjungan; Kayun - Gubengboulivard of Trajectory of substation Gubeng [1923-1924]

6. KSM - Kediri Stroomtram Mij: Kediri - Jombang [ 7 January 1897]; Pare - Kencong [1 June 1898]; Pare – Kepung [31 Augustus 1898]; Pulorejo - Ngoro [ 7 December 1898]; Ngoro – Kandangan [19 December 1899]; Kencong - Kandangan [12 May 1899]; Gurah - Kawarasan [1 June 1899]; Pesantren - Wates [8 May 1897]; Palem - Papar [8 May 1897];

7. MS – Malang Stroomtram Maatschappij: Malang - Buluwalang - Wates - Dampit [1897-1899]; Gondanglegi - Kepanjen [10 June 1900]; Tumpang - Singosari [27 April 1900]; Malang - Blimbing [15 Februari 1903]; Sedayu - Turen [25 September 1908];

8. PsSM - Pasoeroean Stroomtram Maatschappij: Pasuruan - Warungdowo - Bekasi [1896-1897]; Warungdowo - Wonorejo - Bakalan - Pasar Alkmaar [1899-1900]; Pasuruan - Kaligembong [ 6 August 1912];

9. PbSM - Probolinggo Stroomtram Maastchappij: Probolinggo - Phoeton [22 June 1897]; Probolinggo - Umbul - Sumberkareng [6 August 1912];

10. MT - Madoera Stroomtram Mij: Kamal - Bangkalan - Tanjung - Kapedi - Kalianget [1898 - 1899]; Kamal - Karanyar [1 September 1913];

11. SCS - Semarang Cheribon Stroomtram Mij: Tegal - Balapulang [17 November 1886]; Semarang - Cirebon [1897]; Pekalongan - Kedungwuni - Wonopringgo [1916]; Losari - Ciledug - Mundu [1897];

12. MSM - Modjokerto Stroomtram Mij: Mojokerto - Porong - Bangil [1898-1907];

13. SoTM - Solosche Tramweg Mij: horse drawn tram to in town of Solo and its surroundings;

14. BOS - Bataviasche Spoorweg Mij: Jakarta - Bekasi [1887];

15. JSM - Javaasche Spoorweg Mij: Tegal - Balapulang [1886];

16. BDSM - Babad Djombang Stroomtram Mij: Babad - Jombang [1899 – 1902];

17. DSM - Deli Spoorweg Mij: Labuan - Medan [1886]; Belawan - Deli - Binjai [1888]; Lubukpakam - Bangunpurba [1900-1902];

18. NITM - Nederlandsch Indische Tramweg Mij: Jakarta - Harmonie - Kramat - Jatinegara – Kampong Melayu [1883-1891];

19. PGSM - Poerwodadi Goendih Stoomtram Mij: Purwodadi - Gundih [1884]: this band is bought by SJS at 1 January 1892;

20. BETM - Batavia Electrische Tram Mij: Harmonie - Jakarta [1899-1900]; Kalibesar Wetan - Jakarta Poost [1907]; Menteng - Gambir - Harmonie [16 October 1912]; Gambir - Vriymetselaarsweg [2 January 1913];

21. SSS - Soematra Staatsspoorwegen: Telukbayur/Emmahaven - Sawahlunto [1 January 1894]; Bukiitinggi - Payakumbuh [1896-1906]; Lubukalung - Priaman - Sungailimau [1910-1921]; Panjang - Labuanratu - Kotabumi - Baturaja - Martapura [ 1914-1924]; Seulimeun - Gedeh - Breue - Beureunun - Lhoksemaweh - Idi - Langsa - Kualasimpang - Semadam - Besitang – Pangkalan Susu [1908 – 1915].
[P04J06 – SJTE]

First Train Company in Indonesia

2008-03-02T05:04:00.000-08:00

History – Teakwood – Utilization

The first Train Company multiply to operate in Indonesia was N.V. NSIM: this company in Central Java at date of 7 June 1864 building band rail train from Semarang - Surakarta - Yogyakarta

Propose later 21 founded similar company - three among other things the governmental property - and 17 managed by other company of private sector body: each with different management and equipments.

Up to final of Second World War noted by 982 steam locomotive consisted of 69 types, what were operated by a number of the train company.

The data prove that early history of railways in Indonesia do not far left behind in comparing the similar footstep in state - Europe state even if: suppose, in English for the first time operated by a locomotive condense at date of 27 September 1825; while in train Dutch country first time operate on 21 June 1839 with transportation route of among Amsterdam - Haarlem

In India railroad as long as 34 kilometers unfolding between Bori Bundar until Thana exploited to start 16 April 1853; in Indonesia the train put into use for public utilities of since 10 August 1867
[P04J05-SJTE]

First Train Railroad in Indonesia

2008-03-02T05:02:00.000-08:00

History – Teak wood – Utilization

At date of 7 June 1864 Governor General of Dutch Indies [1861-1866] - Baron Sloet Van Den Beele - early holing ground as a symbol of formal starting of development railroad train in countryside Kemijen [now its cal Station Gudang in Semarang]; three next year of band railroad as long as 25 kilometers: from Semarang to Kedungjati [in area Regency of Grobogan] operated generically.

Developing rail train non-stopped to be continued, although a lot of experience of resistance, especially in fund problem, so that at date of 10 June 1872 spanning rail train can reach Yogyakarta.

To fulfill the governmental request, a ramification railroad trajectory from Kedungjati [teak forest area in Regency Grobogan] to Ambarawa even also follow develop and opened by its exploiting at date of 21 May 1873.

Dutch Indies Government also ask service firm of train NIS [Nederland-Indische Spoorweg] so that build train band from Secang to Ambarawa: to connect military center in Purworejo - Magelang to military center in Ambarawa.

Route among of Gemawang railway station until precipitous station Jambu there were on track of hill area [topography inclination 65 degree]: so that to cost effective on that development, were designed by special of jagged band railroad; in this band are military activity transportation target more especial, because accelerating the cart here only able to creep in speed of limited to 15 kilometers per hour: band railroad of between Secang until this Ambarawa use wide size measure of spoor 1,067 mm and open to operate commencing from 1 February 1905.
[P04J04-SJTE]

Transportation of Train in Java Island

2008-03-02T04:59:00.000-08:00

History – Teak wood – Utilization

Idea build railroad of train in Java for proposal Colonel J. Van Der Wijk at date of 15 Augustus 1840, according to him, levying of railways in Java will a lot of bringing advantage especially from military aspect.

He proposes development of train railroads band from Surabaya until Jakarta of through Surakarta, Jogyakarta and Bandung therewith its deviation. This proposal had been agreed by government of like decanted in KB of number 270 date of 28 May 1842; the letter decide that while will be develop first band of train from Semarang - Kedu - Jogyakarta of through Surakarta.

In phase strive to realize the plan emerge a number of opinion among Dutch elite: if development of railroad done by a government were hence needed by reserve of fund or from loan; but if party of private sector permitted hence the government have to provide land and support facility of other physical; approval about concession rights; nor guarantee of capital flower; some circle also ask in order to development of railways also troughs of plantation area to port Semarang; there were also the opinion which ask so that the train also become public utilities and extend to entire Java.

By immeasurable existence of the demand - in the year 1860 - King Willem III ask sir T.J. Stieltjes [minister adviser of country business] to lead a research about problem of transportation and solution in Java; and the result, Stieltjes suggest to government to develop band of railroad which passing by Ungaran, Ambarawa and Salatiga.

Meanwhile W. Polman; A. Frasen; and E.H. Kol raise a concession for development of Train of band Semarang - Surakarta - Jogyakarta. At that moment Jogyakarta and Surakarta referred as also Vorstenlanden or area of all Java king [Sunan Pakubuwono and Sultan of Hamengku Buwono]. Entrepreneur of this Construction [Polman; Frasen and Kol] also objection with proposal Stieltjes: because building band of train which area of hill will be costly of expense and need longer time.

Through his decision - KB of number 1 date of 26 Augustus 1862 - Governor General Baron Sloet Van Den Beele then grant application of concession by Polman and friend on the promise that development of railways have to according to opinion of Minister of Country Business [Fransen Van de Putte] wishing railroads also passing Kedungjati and Ambarawa; other conditions: that is wide of spoor also as according to wide of spoor in Europe [1,435 millimeters].

After getting governmental permission, Polman with his partners and found company of train by the name of Naamlooze Venootschap Nederlandsch-Indische Spoorweg-Maatschappij [N.V. NISM] in year 1863; and is first time led by sir J.P. de Bordes.
[P04J03-SJTE]

Rp2,4 T of Goals of Production of Perhutani 2008

2008-02-17T02:17:00.000-08:00

Store - Teak wood - Trade

Perum Perhutani in year 2008 planning goals of production of equal to Rp2.434, 479 [about 2, 4 Trillion of rupiah]; by the detail of source of earnings area:

1. Semarang [ Perum Perhutani - area produce - Unit I: Central Java] for the price of Rp960,246 billion [ M - representing result of commercial activity [ transaction] from: Union of Self-Supporting Business - KBM - Wood Marketing [ Sar Kayu] Regional [ I] Tegal {80,153 billion}; KBM Sar Kayu of Regional Cepu [ II] {137,463 billion}; Industrial KBM [of] Wood - IK - Brumbung { 355,176 billion}; KBM IK Cepu { 89,807 billion}; Industrial KBM is Non Wood [ INK - Pine Rubber; Oil of euca lyptus Leaf - { 270,361 billion}; KBM Wisata; Seed; Other Effort - WBU - { 4,097 billion}; and from source of earnings of besides group of the effort { 23,189 billion};

2. Surabaya [ Perum Perhutani - area produce - Unit II: East Java] for the price of Rp921,246 M representing result of transaction by: KBM Sar Kayu I - Bojonegoro; Sar of Wood II - Madiun; and Sar of Wood III - Probolinggo { 387, 185 M}; KBM IK Gresik { 311,557 M}; KBM INK { 198,483 M}; KBM WBU { 6,321 M}; and the others source { 17,700 M;

3. Bandung [Perum Perhutani - area produce - Unit III: West Java and Banten] for the price of Rp552, 987 M representing result of activity of transaction by and from: KBM Sar Wood {396,044 M}; Industrial KBM {86,584 M}; KBM WBU {10,546 M}; and from other {59,812 M}.
[P14J01 – SJTE]

There no Allocation of Contract "Sortimen" AII in year 2008

2008-02-17T02:12:00.000-08:00

Store - Teak wood - Trade

For the year produce 2008 Board of directors of Perum Perhutani shall no longer release allocation contract Sortimen of wood AII - because altogether for accomplishment of requirement of raw material wood industry [ BBI] by self.

Besides one the important decision, a number of other strategic decisions - in year 2008 - these are:
1. To all partner of Cooperation Produce [ KSP] being based on activity in one of Unit - coverage of working area and produce - Perum Perhutani in order to better take BBI from each pertinent Unit;
2. Will be applied by observation of KSP of pursuant to type of area of Union of Forest Lap [KPH];
3. For service of Booth of Wood will not exceed 2, 5 % from sales target and adapted by address of applicant company;
4. Planned by a product increase rubber [pine - as much 10 - in area produce Unit I;
5. Industrial KBM will in back-up SDM [they workers], relate existence of improvement of BBI and optimal sized of industrial capacities.
[P14J02 – SJTE]

Allocation of Wood Industrial Raw Material

2008-02-17T02:07:00.000-08:00

Store - Teak wood - Trade

Perum Perhutani of year 2008 allocation of raw material to be his wood industrial [BBI] are the following:

1. Perum Perhutani - regional work and the area produce - Unit I [Central Java]: BBI of Teak AII [19.680 m3]; and AIII [59.820 m3]; and also BBI of wood Sono [1000 m3;

2. Perum Perhutani - regional work and the area produce - Unit II [East Java]: BBI of Teak AII [20.100 m3]; and AIII [33.750 m3]; and also being strived by a addition cut away wood Sengon - as much 25.000 m3 - to be industrial of plywood in Gresik; is also labouredly to by cut away wood of non from quota produce to cut away [non JPT]

3. Perum Perhutani - regional work and the area produce - Unit III [West Java and Province Banten]: BBI of Teak AII [1000 m3]; AIII [1000 m3]; and the additional effort from cutting away the non JPT
[P14J03 – SJTE]

The Background of Timber Utilization

2008-01-10T06:09:00.000-08:00

History – Teak wood - Utilization

Arrival of a period to enlighten as free as long decade of darkness era by old world stiff freeze tradition orthodoxy culture typically, in range of Middle Ages, nations in Europe is even also fulfilled by the era renaissance evocation billow. An era which is early by excited is spirit of explorers’ knowledge of about its link and physical nature with human being existence.

This opinion Evocation era for example marked with thinker buttonhole apparition have an effect on like among other things Copernicus, Archimedes, Galileo Galilee until to James Watt is the steam engine inventor.

Four big buttonholes this is at least given strong share in wood era arousal representing embryos civilization growth will be modern so that now

Copernicus able to assure people that circular earth planet forms of giant ball. Archimedes gives guidance of about circumstance specific gravity material, so that object as heavy as any is origin is nature of its base is light remaining to can float the above water. While Galileo with his finding quantification facilitate people design multifarious of its goods constructions the desired without opposing against natural method.

The era Renaissances, marked by spirit globe carpet exploration. Since for a lot of Europe resident of a period to that, except wishing to prove circular earth theory truth, is also boarded by the ambition avail prosperity from place which is far from its residency, in this entire earth angle corner.

A planet exploration Ambition accomplishment will this, of course with transportation medium availability demand will which can be pledged, goodness of when cruising whole of continent and or the moment have to wade ocean.

From here presumably early apparition of wood era, a simple term utilize to depict how its dominant and important is role of wood in those days
Just, in growth of technology pertained still modestly that decade, wood become especial choice because in character is easy to processed and obtained easy

Invention of steam engine generates mass revolution from facet sum up wood use. Especially to fulfill demand of making and also fuel of medium of transportation which have the capacities to explore stronger. Whether in mode of transportation of continent in the form of train and or in ocean of by water go out to sea to have steam engine.

Previous, traditionally nation human being even also the generation have exploit important wood upon which in his civilization. Just only, volume its use admits of answered the demand by regeneration of growth of tree naturally

Era of steam engine cause natural ability like this skipped over. As a result areas of forest in continent of first Europe multiply to become victim. Is used up cut away for motion of transportation and also fuel of a lot of factory machine. Next is easy to guessed, glimpse of era of wood even also flatten attach area of forest in whole Earth angle.

Fortunately, nation first to Germany likely multiply to realize to come the critical of them situation. They even also start to develop forestry base on principle silvikultur utilize his forest area cure.

In year 1849 conducive by a forester have nationality to] Germany. Are Y.N. Mullier and Y.H.G. Yordens and assigned in Rembang district of teak forest. Mullier in year 1865 pension as forestry inspector, and caught up Yordes, ex- opsir navy, retired also as forestry inspector in year 1866.

Can be told, they pioneers which is conducive to by Dutch colonialist power to assist cure process at one blow prevent teak forest damage in Java. (P04J02 – SJTE).

Saving Java Teak Forest by Carve Wood

2008-01-10T06:00:00.000-08:00

History - Teak wood - Utilization

Artistic Tradition Carve to Prevent Extravagant of Wood

Considering that way as central as forest role for Java society, hence all local power there try to tighten to take care of his permanence, published is whosoever interdict, except gave by specialized task, incoming of forest area.

Of course do not any people also which can and may wood up. Still remember, so many acts Kethoprak puppets story version and (artistic draw shadow motion) what have background (setting story) about term existence “Interdict Forest”.

There are a lot of orders, ritual which aim to limit last people motion of grass in forest and also wood up to be processed later. Demarcation is also gone into effect by technical process of wood processing.

For that the artistic tradition technique carves wood introduced, to prevent extravagance in forest wood exploiting. To carve one bole with difficulty level needing to process very skillful hand ability, beyond question need time through years.

Even the membership carve wood at away back is not passed to any people. Only for certain small circle getting just king permission, this artistic technique taught.

Do not any people also permitted own nor do use results of artistic - crafting / diligence - carve wood. Only the just elite circle permitted as his social status device is high.

Even before get carved readily bole is and or exploited by need of other, its event ritual hewing network is adapted with cultural tradition of Javanese mythology.

All era Java magnifier first give permission only to chosen people and a few his amount, to lead direct of ceremony ritual network smell.

There are a lot of order and ritual that aim to limit motion of last people of grass in neither forest nor intention to cut away its tree. Demarcation is also gone into effect at step of wood exploiting

For that the artistic traditional techniques carve wood introduced, to prevent extravagance in exploiting of forest wood.

To carve one bole with level of difficulty needing to process ability of very skillful hand, beyond question need time through years.

Even before get carved readily bole is and or exploited by need is other; network of event ritual of his hewing is adapted with cultural tradition of Javanese mythology.

All power of Java does not only behave to complicate activity of teak deforestation. They also are oftentimes trusted able to relate to the whole empire of soul of creature of refinement which lives in forest area.

His target do not other, to pursue gratuitous hewing action representing the root cause the forest area ruination.

Multifarious of product which is made of a teak substance even also become exclusive and dedicated only to Java magnifier circle, utilize selectivity usage. (P04J01)

Price Sell Base of Teak of Substance of Parquet Produce Perhutani

2008-01-10T03:27:00.000-08:00

Store - Teak wood - Price list

Sortimen: A I
Diameter (centimeter): 16 - 19
Long (metre): up to 1, 90
Price (X Rp1, 000): 501

Sortimen: A II
Diameter (centimeter): 21 - 29
Long (meter): up to 1, 90
Price (X Rp1000): 672

Sortimen: A III
Diameter (centimeter): 30 and Up
Long (meter): up to 1, 90
Price (X Rp1000): 1,744
(P13J001-SJTE - Source of Data of KBM IK Gresik)

Price Sell Base of Log of Teak of Sortimen A III Hara - Fifth

2008-01-10T03:21:00.000-08:00

Store - Teak wood - Price list

Price Sell Base of Log of Teak of Sortimen A III (Big Domed Wood) what Up To Standard of Hara II Produce Perum Perhutani

Price of Per M3 in Thousands of Rupiah,

6. Quality Fifth (L)

6.1. Long (meter): Less than 1, 00
Diameter (centimeter): 30 - 34; 35 - 39; 40 - 44; 45 - 49; 50 - 54; 55 - 59; 60 - 69; 70 - 79; 80 and Up.
Price of per M3 (Thousands of Rupiah): 3,031; 3,395; 3,758; 4,122; 4,304; 4,537; 5,092; 5,736; 5,971

6.2. Long (meter): 1, 00 - 1, 90
Diameter (centimeter): 30 - 34; 35 - 39; 40 - 44; 45 - 49; 50 - 54; 55 - 59; 60 - 69; 70 - 79; 80 and Up.
Price of per M3 (Thousands of Rupiah): 3,238; 3,626; 4,015; 4,403; 4,597; 4,954; 5,671; 5,925; 6,378

6.3. Long (meter): 2, 00 - 2, 40
Diameter: (centimeter): 30 - 34; 35 - 39; 40 - 44; 45 - 49; 50 - 54; 55 - 59; 60 - 69; 70 - 79; 80 and Up.
Price of per M3 (Thousands of Rupiah): 3,444; 3,858; 4,271; 4,684; 4,891; 5,270; 5,786; 6,303; 6,785

6.4. Long (meter): 2, 50-2, 90
Diameter: (centimeter): 30 - 34; 35 - 39; 40 - 44; 45 - 49; 50 - 54; 55 - 59; 60 - 69; 70 - 79; 80 and Up.
Price of per M3 (Thousands of Rupiah): 3,651; 4,089; 4,527; 4,965; 5,184; 5,586; 6,134; 6,681; 7,192

6.5. Long (meter): 3, 00-3, 90
Diameter: (centimeter): 30 - 34; 35 - 39; 40 - 44; 45 - 49; 50 - 54; 55 - 59; 60 - 69; 70 - 79; 80 and Up.
Price of per M3 (Thousands of Rupiah): 3,858; 4,320; 4,783; 5,246; 5,527; 6,007; 6,654; 7,059; 7,599

6.6. Long (meter): 4, 00-4, 90
Diameter: (centimeter): 30 - 34; 35 - 39; 40 - 44; 45 - 49; 50 - 54; 55 - 59; 60 - 69; 70 - 79; 80 and Up.
Price of per M3 (Thousands of Rupiah): 4,064; 4,552; 5,040; 5,527; 5,771; 6,218; 6,828; 7,438; 8,007

6.7. Long (meter): 5, 00-5, 90
Diameter: (centimeter): 30 - 34; 35 - 39; 40 - 44; 45 - 49; 50 - 54; 55 - 59; 60 - 69; 70 - 79; 80 and Up.
Price of per M3 (Thousands of Rupiah): 4,271; 4,783; 5,296; 5,808; 6,065; 6,534; 7,175; 7,816; 8,414.
(P13A3H2.6-SJTE - Source of Data of Perum Perhutani).

Price Sell Base of Log of Teak of Sortimen A III Hara - Four

2008-01-10T03:17:00.000-08:00

Store – Teak wood - Price list

Price Sell Teak Sortimen A III Log Base ( Big Domed Wood) what Up To Standard of Hara II Produce Perum Perhutani

Price of Per M3 in Thousands of Rupiah,

5. Quality of Four (M)

5.1. Long (meter): Less than 1,00
Diameter (centimeter): 30 - 34; 35 - 39; 40 - 44; 45 - 49; 50 - 54; 55 - 59; 60 - 69; 70 - 79; 80 and Up.
Price of per M3 (Thousands of Rupiah): 3,410; 3,819; 4,228; 4,637; 4,842; 5,217; 5,728; 6,453; 6,717

5.2. Long (meter): 1,00 - 1,90
Diameter (centimeter): 30 - 34; 35 - 39; 40 - 44; 45 - 49; 50 - 54; 55 - 59; 60 - 69; 70 - 79; 80 and Up.
Price of per M3 (Thousands of Rupiah): 3,642; 4,079; 4,516; 4,954; 5,172; 5,573; 5,379; 6,665; 7,175

5.3. Long (meter): 2,00 - 2,40
Diameter: (centimeter): 30 - 34; 35 - 39; 40 - 44; 45 - 49; 50 - 54; 55 - 59; 60 - 69; 70 - 79; 80 and Up.
Price of per M3 (Thousands of Rupiah): 3,875; 4,340; 4,805; 5,270; 5,502; 5,928; 6,510; 7,091; 7,633

5.4. Long (meter): 2,50-2,90
Diameter: (centimeter): 30 - 34; 35 - 39; 40 - 44; 45 - 49; 50 - 54; 55 - 59; 60 - 69; 70 - 79; 80 and Up.
Price of per M3 (Thousands of Rupiah): 4,146; 4,600; 5,093; 5,586; 5,832; 6,284; 6,900; 7,516; 8,091

5.5. Long (meter): 3,00-3,90
Diameter: (centimeter): 30 - 34; 35 - 39; 40 - 44; 45 - 49; 50 - 54; 55 - 59; 60 - 69; 70 - 79; 80 and Up.
Price of per M3 (Thousands of Rupiah): 4,417; 4,861; 5,381; 5,902; 6,217; 6,758; 7,486; 7,942; 8,549

5.6. Long (meter): 4, 00-4, 90
Diameter: (centimeter): 30 - 34; 35 - 39; 40 - 44; 45 - 49; 50 - 54; 55 - 59; 60 - 69; 70 - 79; 80 and Up.
Price of per M3 (Thousands of Rupiah): 4,572; 5,121; 5,670; 6,218; 6,493; 6,996; 7,681; 8,367; 9,007

5.7. Long (meter): 5,00-5,90
Diameter: (centimeter): 30 - 34; 35 - 39; 40 - 44; 45 - 49; 50 - 54; 55 - 59; 60 - 69; 70 - 79; 80 and Up.
Price of per M3 (Thousands of Rupiah): 4,805; 5,381; 5,958; 6,534; 6,823; 7,351; 8,072; 8,793; 9,465.
( P13A3H2.5-SJTE - Source of Data of Perum Perhutani).

Price Sell Base of Log of Teak of Sortimen A III Hara - Third

2008-01-10T03:13:00.000-08:00

Store - Teak wood - Price list

Price Sell Base of Log of Teak of Sortimen A III (Big Domed Wood) what Up To Standard of Hara II Produce Perum Perhutani

Price of Per M3 in Thousands of Rupiah,

4. Third Quality (T)

4.1. Long (meter): Less than 1, 00
Diameter (centimeter): 30 - 34; 35 - 39; 40 - 44; 45 - 49; 50 - 54; 55 - 59; 60 - 69; 70 - 79; 80 and Up.
Price of per M3 (Thousands of Rupiah): 3,789; 4,243; 4,598; 5,153; 5,380; 5,797; 6,365; 7,170; 7,464

4.2. Long (meter): 1, 00 - 1, 90
Diameter (centimeter): 30 - 34; 35 - 39; 40 - 44; 45 - 49; 50 - 54; 55 - 59; 60 - 69; 70 - 79; 80 and Up.
Price of per M3 (Thousands of Rupiah): 4,047; 4,533; 5,018; 5,504; 5,747; 6,192; 7,088; 7,405; 7,973

4.3. Long (meter): 2, 00 - 2, 40
Diameter: (centimeter): 30 - 34; 35 - 39; 40 - 44; 45 - 49; 50 - 54; 55 - 59; 60 - 69; 70 - 79; 80 and Up.
Price of per M3 ( Thousands of Rupiah): 4,305; 4,822; 5,339; 5,855; 6,114; 6,587; 7,233; 7,879; 8,481

4.4. Long (meter): 2, 50-2, 90
Diameter: (centimeter): 30 - 34; 35 - 39; 40 - 44; 45 - 49; 50 - 54; 55 - 59; 60 - 69; 70 - 79; 80 and Up.
Price of per M3 ( Thousands of Rupiah): 4,564; 5,111; 5,659; 6,207; 6,480; 6,982; 7,667; 8,351; 8,990

4.5. Long (meter): 3, 00-3, 90
Diameter: (centimeter): 30 - 34; 35 - 39; 40 - 44; 45 - 49; 50 - 54; 55 - 59; 60 - 69; 70 - 79; 80 and Up.
Price of per M3 ( Thousands of Rupiah): 4,822; 5,401; 5,979; 6,558; 6,908; 7,509; 8,318; 8,824; 9,499

4.6. Long (meter): 4, 00-4, 90
Diameter: (centimeter): 30 - 34; 35 - 39; 40 - 44; 45 - 49; 50 - 54; 55 - 59; 60 - 69; 70 - 79; 80 and Up.
Price of per M3 (Thousands of Rupiah): 5,080; 5,690; 6,300; 6,909; 7,214; 7,773; 8,535; 9,297; 10,008

4.7. Long (meter): 5, 00-5, 90
Diameter: (centimeter): 30 - 34; 35 - 39; 40 - 44; 45 - 49; 50 - 54; 55 - 59; 60 - 69; 70 - 79; 80 and Up.
Price of per M3 (Thousands of Rupiah): 5,339; 5,979; 6,620; 7,260; 7,581; 8,168; 8,969; 9,770; 10,517.
(P13A3H2.4-SJTE - Source of Data of Perum Perhutani)

Price Sell Base of Log of Teak of Sortimen A III Hara - Second

2008-01-10T03:09:00.000-08:00

Store – Teak wood - Price list

Price Sell Teak Sortimen A III Log Base (Big Domed Wood) what Up To Standard of Hara II Produce Perum Perhutani

Price of Per M3 in Thousands of Rupiah,

3. Quality of Second (D)

3.1. Long (meter): Less than 1, 00
Diameter (centimeter): 30 - 34; 35 - 39; 40 - 44; 45 - 49; 50 - 54; 55 - 59; 60 - 69; 70 - 79; 80 and Up.
Price of per M3 ( Thousands of Rupiah): 4,357; 4,880; 5,403; 5,925; 6,187; 6,666; 7,320; 8,245; 8,583

3.2. Long (meter): 1, 00 - 1, 90
Diameter (centimeter): 30 - 34; 35 - 39; 40 - 44; 45 - 49; 50 - 54; 55 - 59; 60 - 69; 70 - 79; 80 and Up.
Price of per M3 ( Thousands of Rupiah): 4,654; 5,213; 5,771; 6,329; 6,609; 7,121; 8,152; 8,517; 9,168

3.3. Long (meter): 2, 00 - 2, 40
Diameter: (centimeter): 30 - 34; 35 - 39; 40 - 44; 45 - 49; 50 - 54; 55 - 59; 60 - 69; 70 - 79; 80 and Up.
Price of per M3 ( Thousands of Rupiah): 4,951; 5,545; 6,139; 6,734; 7,031; 7,575; 8,318; 9,061; 9,754

3.4. Long (meter): 2, 50-2, 90
Diameter: (centimeter): 30 - 34; 35 - 39; 40 - 44; 45 - 49; 50 - 54; 55 - 59; 60 - 69; 70 - 79; 80 and Up.
Price of per M3 ( Thousands of Rupiah): 5,248; 5,878; 6,508; 7,138; 7,452; 8,030; 8,817; 9,604; 10,339

3.5. Long (meter): 3, 00-3, 90
Diameter: (centimeter): 30 - 34; 35 - 39; 40 - 44; 45 - 49; 50 - 54; 55 - 59; 60 - 69; 70 - 79; 80 and Up.
Price of per M3 ( Thousands of Rupiah): 5,545; 6,211; 6,876; 7,542; 7,945; 8,636; 9,566; 10,148; 10,924

3.6. Long (meter): 4, 00-4, 90
Diameter: (centimeter): 30 - 34; 35 - 39; 40 - 44; 45 - 49; 50 - 54; 55 - 59; 60 - 69; 70 - 79; 80 and Up.
Price of per M3 (Thousands of Rupiah): 5,842; 6,543; 7,241; 7,946; 8,296; 8,939; 9,815; 10,691; 11,509

3.7. Long (meter): 5, 00-5, 90
Diameter: (centimeter): 30 - 34; 35 - 39; 40 - 44; 45 - 49; 50 - 54; 55 - 59; 60 - 69; 70 - 79; 80 and Up.
Price of per M3 ( Thousands of Rupiah): 6,139; 6,876; 7,613; 8,350; 8,718; 9,393; 10,314; 11,235; 12,095. (P13A3H2.3-SJTE - Source of Data of Perum Perhutani)

Price Sell Base of Log of Teak of Sortimen A III Hara - First

2008-01-10T03:03:00.000-08:00

Store - Teakwood - Pricelist

Price Sell Teak Sortimen A III Log Base (Big Domed Wood) what Up To Standard of Hara II Produce Perum Perhutani

Price of Per M3 in Thousands of Rupiah,

2. Quality of First (P)

2.1. Long (meter): Less than 1, 00
Diameter (centimeter): 30 - 34; 35 - 39; 40 - 44; 45 - 49; 50 - 54; 55 - 59; 60 - 69; 70 - 79; 80 and Up.
Price of per M3 ( Thousands of Rupiah): 4,925; 5,516; 6,107; 6,698; 6,994; 7,536; 8,274; 9,321; 9,703

2.2. Long (meter): 1, 00 - 1, 90
Diameter (centimeter): 30 - 34; 35 - 39; 40 - 44; 45 - 49; 50 - 54; 55 - 59; 60 - 69; 70 - 79; 80 and Up.
Price of per M3 ( Thousands of Rupiah): 5,261; 5,892; 6,524; 7,155; 7,471; 8,049; 9,215; 9,628; 10,304

2.3. Long (meter): 2, 00 - 2, 40
Diameter: (centimeter): 30 - 34; 35 - 39; 40 - 44; 45 - 49; 50 - 54; 55 - 59; 60 - 69; 70 - 79; 80 and Up.
Price of per M3 ( Thousands of Rupiah): 5,597; 6,269; 6,940; 7,612; 7,948; 8,563; 9,403; 10,242; 11,026

2.4. Long (meter): 2, 50-2, and 90
Diameter: (centimeter): 30 - 34; 35 - 39; 40 - 44; 45 - 49; 50 - 54; 55 - 59; 60 - 69; 70 - 79; 80 and Up.
Price of per M3 ( Thousands of Rupiah): 5,933; 6,645; 7,357; 8,068; 8,424; 9,077; 9,967; 10,857; 11,687

2.5. Long (meter): 3, 00-3, and 90
Diameter: (centimeter): 30 - 34; 35 - 39; 40 - 44; 45 - 49; 50 - 54; 55 - 59; 60 - 69; 70 - 79; 80 and Up.
Price of per M3 ( Thousands of Rupiah): 6,269; 7,021; 7,773; 8,525; 8,981; 9,762; 10,813; 11,471; 12,349

2.6. Long (meter): 4, 00-4, and 90
Diameter: (centimeter): 30 - 34; 35 - 39; 40 - 44; 45 - 49; 50 - 54; 55 - 59; 60 - 69; 70 - 79; 80 and Up.
Price of per M3 ( Thousands of Rupiah): 6,604; 7,397; 8,189; 8,982; 9,378; 10,105; 11,095; 12,086; 13,011

2.7. Long (meter): 5, 00-5, and 90
Diameter: (centimeter): 30 - 34; 35 - 39; 40 - 44; 45 - 49; 50 - 54; 55 - 59; 60 - 69; 70 - 79; 80 and Up.
Price of per M3 ( Thousands of Rupiah): 6,940; 7,773; 8,606; 9,439; 9,855; 10,618; 11,659; 12,700; 13,672.
(P13A3H22-SJTE - Source of Data of Perum Perhutani)

Price Sell Base of Log of Teak of Sortimen A III Hara - Especial

2008-01-10T02:55:00.000-08:00

Store - Teak wood - Price list

Price Sell Base of Log wood of Teak of Sortimen A III (Big Domed Wood) what Up To Standard of Hara II Produce Perum Perhutani

Price of Per M3 in Thousands of Rupiah,

1. Especial Quality (U)
1.1. Long (meter): Less than 1, 00
Diameter (centimeter): 30 - 34; 35 - 39; 40 - 44; 45 - 49; 50 - 54; 55 - 59; 60 - 69; 70 - 79; 80 and Up
Price of per M3 ( Thousands of Rupiah : 5,494; 6,153; 6,812; 7,471; 7,801; 8,405; 9,229; 10,396; 10,822

1.2. Long (meter): 1, 00 - 1, 90
Diameter (centimeter): 30 - 34; 35 - 39; 40 - 44; 45 - 49; 50 - 54; 55 - 59; 60 - 69; 70 - 79; 80 and Up.
Price of per M3 ( Thousands of Rupiah): 5,868; 6,572; 7,276; 7,981; 8,333; 8,978; 10,278; 10,739; 11,560

1.3. Long (meter): 2, 00 - 2, 40
Diameter (centimeter): 30 - 34; 35 - 39; 40 - 44; 45 - 49; 50 - 54; 55 - 59; 60 - 69; 70 - 79; 80 and Up.
Price of per M3 ( Thousands of Rupiah): 6,243; 6,992; 7,741; 8,490; 8,865; 9,551; 10,488; 11,424; 12,298

1.4. Long (meter): 2, 50 - 2, 90
Diameter (centimeter): 30 - 34; 35 - 39; 40 - 44; 45 - 49; 50 - 54; 55 - 59; 60 - 69; 70 - 79; 80 and Up.
Price of per M3 ( Thousands of Rupiah): 6,617; 7,411; 8,205; 8,999; 9,397; 10,124; 11,117; 12,110; 13,036

1.5. Long (meter): 3, 00 - 3, 90
Diameter (centimeter): 30 - 34; 35 - 39; 40 - 44; 45 - 49; 50 - 54; 55 - 59; 60 - 69; 70 - 79; 80 and Up.
Price of per M3 ( Thousands of Rupiah): 6,992; 7,831; 8,670; 9,509; 10,017; 10,883; 12,061; 12,795; 13,774

1.6. Long (meter): 4, 00 - 4, 90
Diameter (centimeter): 30 - 34; 35 - 39; 40 - 44; 45 - 49; 50 - 54; 55 - 59; 60 - 69; 70 - 79; 80 and Up.
Price of per M3 ( Thousands of Rupiah): 7,366; 8,250; 9,134; 10,018; 10,460; 11,271; 12,376; 13,480; 14,512

1.7. Long (meter): 5, 00 - 5, 90
Diameter (centimeter): 30 - 34; 35 - 39; 40 - 44; 45 - 49; 50 - 54; 55 - 59; 70 - 79; 80 and Up
Price of per M3 ( Thousands of Rupiah): 7,741; 8,670; 9,599; 10,528; 10,992; 11,844; 13,005; 14,166; 15,250
(P13A3H21-SJTE - Source of Data of Perum Perhutani)

Raw Sawn Timber (RST) Teak

2008-01-10T02:47:00.000-08:00

Story - Teak wood - Expertise

K.A. Sukasah Shari Expertise in this page

Raw Sawn Timber (RST) is wood produce by sawmill. Wood which have been determined by a criterion, thick, wide, and also length of according to requirement of pursuant to his finished goods type.

To get RST with the criteria required by skill of machine operator saw, namely from especial machine: sawing machine of ribbon for separated it.

At this process, machine operator have to be brooding and comprehend the criteria RST pursuant to form (blanket) accepted from PPC ( Planning Product Control) comprising size measure and sum up its requirement.

Later if have been comprehended, start planned by raw material of log wood to being divided, seemly is diameter, long and also the existing handicap; start handicapped and natural handicap because hewing or break to lambaste.

Is hereinafter positioned at auto machine of cartage - its, newly then process bisection walk.

This process can determine what result products can profit to be processed to become finished goods, later his risk

Next process, time dried by whether will be happened by change of size measure or handicapped like curve, concave, and the decrease which diamonding etc.
Later the operator should have can calculate rendemen out put from his job result.

How many meter cubic RST yielded from 1 meter cubic log, rendemen goods without handicap, rendemen goods neglectfully the natural handicaps. Rendemen of besides there is natural handicap also there is handicapped because wrong of process.

What do not less important, all machine operators have to comprehend term: quarter swan, flat of sawn and also semi of quarter sawn
Because comprehended is that term, from a log have been known in for how to get it, and also his advantage and disadvantage to become finished goods later.

Making Raw Sawn Timber is not as simple as when executed by all traditional workers. From its moderation do not too take as problem of rendemen etc., what important how from have capital to of log become saleable goods sold, without reckoning how many gratuity of wise which thrown, how many gratuity which can be processed and how many its advantage.

But for industry of processing of log become RST of vital importance for continuation of his production process. Processing of RST makes something that very determines for continuity of and the fluency produce an industry: will benefit or the in sight loss.

If rendemen RST only reach 36 - 42 gratuity which can be exploited, can reach compared to by just break event point of price sell have fair to middling.

Assess price RST, if mistake in course of his value can reach 2, 5 - 4 X of price log per cubic meter.

That way also requirement of log can reach 3-4 M3 for taking 1 M3 RST
Its complicated, in course of processing sometime one item of type of production can reach 36 kinds of size measure. Here there are some way of which is conducted for realize it, have of course beside the theory saw, also the experience through years the minimization which can error product.

Follow the example of the way of calculating price 1 M3 RST

Price of log Rp. 3.000.000/M3
Rendemen 36 gratuity, sum up log = 100/36 X 1 M3 + 2, 8 M3.
Its Expense + Rp 8.333.333.
Process and others = 30% X Rp 8.333.333 = Rp 2.499.999
Total = Rp 10.233.333. Price RST/M3 = Rp 10.233.333.
Value of RST/1 of unit of product omits to divide 1 M3 RST divided volume/1unit. (P11J01.03 - K.A.Sukasah – SJTE)

Cozening Logwood of Teak for Industrial Raw Material

2008-01-10T02:36:00.000-08:00

Story - Teakwood - Expertise

K.A Sukasah Shari his Expertise to You

More or less 85% industrial gratuity of processing of wood need raw material of teak are in form of log bole, especially which is active in industry of furniture for indoor.
Rest use wood R.S.T (Raw Sawn Timber) or four facet semi becoming with certain criteria according to requirement, generally for producer outdoor
Basically the raw material represent supporter of its profit or loss assess price of early.
Because mean 65% value sell predominated by raw material value. From other side operational costs, transportation fee etc is therefore needed once existence of an effort to chosen raw material especially logs to get result of optimal output before the raw material bought and processed hereinafter.

Unhappily, for the election raw material of this log [there] no special science taught in level of education anything, start from vocational storey until college of wood science.

Mostly pursuant to theory which is taken away from by an experience through years prove at the process. That chosen raw material according to criterion of elector will yield output matching with what required

Practically (In Fact) cozening raw material log is equal to cozening “a pig in poke". Hard is once estimated. See outside in the requirement smoothly, but after processed by like word of aphorism telling " wood is wood ".

In it there are all kinds of handicap of the prejudice and newly looked to be there are 20-30% outputs which can be exploited.

There are some criterion's which can harm producer:
1. Heap of log has in a state of plot of land (TPK - plot of land of conglomeration of wood Perhutani);
2. Buying raw material of through second person;
3. Origin of Log of non from glorifying forest;
4. Result cut away inappropriate size measure of requirement seen from diameter and length, generally the wood of people plantation;
5. Technique of Hewing less bewares of is so that happened to by break form, disagree with reality. Etc;
6. Knowledge of Wood will very minimum;
7. Type of Teak doreng, morei, bar of split of a lot of secondhand branch, form of like star fruit (belimbing) and decay at dead shares etc.

There are some producers which do not take as problem of, type doreng, model oil path. Its physical still be young see to turn white is not brown. But possible if handicap of fiber straighten, fiber of split yielded from existence of disparity at the time of growing of tree of visible teak from form physical of the log.
Bump, bar of like split will yield imperfect goods at its surface do not refine:
1. Cozening first log see heap of plot of land is later analyzed; how many % what is good and some % what bad;
2. Diameter of whether have according to. Wood come from TPK Perhutani of size measure of diameter contained at bontos (softly) do not too much problem. But if teak of non output of Perhutani system of his enumeration seldom harm;
3. See condition form bar smoothly or do not;
4. Check deepness of hole of liver by knocking it with hammer, petrify, or any kind of which can differentiate knock voice.

This information only some of what can be submitted. Cozening wood of logwood in order to in calculation assess to sell can lessen expense from raw material. (P11J01.01 - K.A. Sukasah - SJTE).

Perhutani Develop Factory Plywood

2008-01-10T02:23:00.000-08:00

Story - Wood - Industry

Continuation of Conversation with Head of Bureau of Marketing and Industry of Wood of Perhutani East Java, Ir.Bambang Prayoga Wahjudi, M.M - in Surabaya

Why have to build factory of plywood by self?

Trend of global Market forwards, if teak remain to be produced in the form of solid will be told still be primitive. Americans, European tell that primitive, because looked into less esteem amount of natural production is progressively limited, to them which hence furniture of wood solid.
This thick just Engineering Flooring from the beginning have until four millimeter, when I witness in Italian not yet this old, have decreased again become only two millimeter. Become very quickly change. For a while we still hold out mechanically 18 millimeter.

Whether capital released to develop that factory regain?

I the confidence earn, because seeing potency of world market forwards. Now I make triplex from thick 3 millimeter until 18 millimeter to fulfill the market demand. Enough I arrange in layers which is 0, 6 Milli and 0, 4 Milli enough have.

Why you the acceptable confidence of market, only enhanced is coat of texture teak, how by design is product?

Forwards design also need. Because basically 75 % enjoyment of that the infinite can be felt by through eye. I estimate more early realize the Japan nation. Just see of car produce Japan. Almost every year the newfangled exit whereas his machine is the same.
For that wait variant of products not even is made the than teak. Inclusive of we will exploit also type of dissimilar wood. For example, wood of suren which favorite for consumer in area of Mid-East and mindi of because good fiber, Also wood of rengas which the people spell out members to make purities.
A lot of type of other wood is which our pattern of texture do not fail to respect compared to with teak, Excellence of like this we to exploit to compete in world marketing. Thereby consume resource of our forest earn a little economized but derivative of its product remain to variety.

But isn't it true that stronger famous teak?

Problem of Strength now can be engineering by technologies. Taking example, wood of randu even if, by technique of its strength can is equal to teak.

Where and when factory of plywood own that Perhutani will operate?

In Gresik, next year (2008) have to operate. Capacities attached by about 40 thousand log woods, especially sengon wood. But can be wearied to entire softwood type. By commitments is compact from whole of part in our governmental, board of directors of Perhutani until the gaffer level, Insya Allah (this mean by permitted of God) our can vie with industry of a kind in Malaysia.
Consumer from Dubai has trusted to us. Isn’t it true that this represent good opportunity? We this fail compared to by compact of Malaysia in interrogating dynamics of global market, Is though compared to by Malaysia, we more plentiful the raw material. Factory of Plywood of other might possibly die because no raw material supply, while Perhutani own area of forest so that always earn anticipate problem of raw material inventory.

Can you detail problem of availability of raw material to be industrial of that plywood?

In the case of raw material availability, Perhutani own area of divisible forest in mention of zonal of core and plasma zonal. For zonal of core

You please give inch clarification me, about readiness of raw material to be industrial of that plywood?

In the case of raw material availability, Perhutani own divisible forest area in plasma zone and nucleus zone mention. For the nucleus zone have been long enough become area core business Perhutani with dissimilar jungle wood type and teak production, While later plasma zone become forest development area with society (PHBM), very open by an opportunity for the crop sengon development and immeasurable of softwood type generally.

You mentioned spell out members us have to be compact to face global market dynamics, its intention?

Change Trend in other state will affect to us, but this business it is true have to remain to walk according to his rule of the game. So, in face of global market non-stopped dart and oftentimes fluctuate trend of this is us have to be compact
You know, when year yesterday our wood sengon is fast saleable, have time to also emerge issue that our wood sengon contain formalin. This is felt to by jell once its nuance political business. Business emulation have nuance to political tactics each other knock down
Later the issue noise of about illegal logging. Such Perhutani there is illegal logging is but incurred by its impact also. Have time to be also questioned by about tracing bole of log wood. Lo, if problem that way Perhutani much more orderly. From such Forest Lap Union coming, and also from number forest check of how many that wood tree origin is planted. Its Tree genesis is very clear. This emulation usher my business importance estimate.

Your intention is worker of Perhutani need ready to bounce as great as assessing fair if issues like that simply global exes business emulation?

Yes. This fair case is which ever will be faced by whosoever moving in business world with climate of emulation which becoming tightens like in this time. Therefore we have to be compact and ever look after positive of thinking to go forward. Because in fact our lot of excellence in manner variant of permanent crop upon which the wood industry.
So, according to me, ought to in RGP (corporate planning) Perhutani, in SDH (forest resource) that is mapped (mapping) in front. Origin does not plant. Choice for that Acacia mangium is I assume wrong. Because price in marketing very cheap
Become, this time can no longer have to plant this because it is true rule class of its company from the former fume have so? Origin don't freeze of all rule made in the past before seeing its context totally.

What to this Perum Perhutani own reference of adequate data?

I feel to we own accurate data, for example, how many of requirement of Mahoney and how much sonokeling. People don't look for easy sonokeling now but hard tomorrow. Perum Perhutani have obligation to arrange this. (P09J02.4 – SJTE)

Over Supply Pine Wood in Market International

2008-01-10T02:12:00.000-08:00

Story - Timber - Trade

Conversation Continuation with Wood Perum Perhutani East Java Industry and Marketing Bureau Head, Ir.Bambang Prayoga Wahjudi, M.M - in Surabaya

How with forest wood type of besides teak?

For that jungle or pine wood frankly also there is one permanent understanding. Those for the jungle wood without special treatment earn to hold out until the three weeks. Taking example quality P (first), will be able to hold out at the quality during three weeks, to then descend quality become D (second).
Become if there is people spell out members: why there is pinewood undersold. Lah, Wong of result of cutting away six-month then fair yes its price is accommodated like that. Non-cut under is and or sold two-bit, because it is true the quality is descend.
If this quality still were pertained high yes its price remains to be high. Follow the example of, for quality T (third) sold at the price of about 215 thousand per cubic, while for prime quality about 350 thousands of.
But, to in this time there is special technical treatment of post hewing so that the pinewood earn longer ride out good quality. Taking example, by treatment is urea, so that earn to hold out more than the three weeks until one month Just. More only, during lately, special of his marketing problem pinewood do not just because limited age of qualities.

There is resistance what else seemingly?

Because this year (2007) is world of international trade is over supply pinewood. In Sumatra for example, Medan is harvest pine. Later in Japan, in this time they shall no longer be fanatical to pine merkusii type, which is a lot of yielded from forest Perhutani. Dissimilar Type, like pine oocarpa now they also will. Become there is change trend of global market in consuming pinewood.
Not to mention in nations of a kind of Canada and New Zealand nowadays is a period to cutting away the pine in gross. Become to request comprehended by why nowadays Perhutani rather the difficulty sell wood of its pine in world marketing, Supply of Wood of pine in world of this year almost twofold than in yrs. Previously.
Other resistance because us do not provide supply wood of long pine of the size until four meter, For a while this Perhutani of specialist still as provider of wood of pine of footage 170 centimeter until 260 centimeter. This because we are fetched up all standing at contracts of existing buys.
Though the opportunity out of it leave open, forwards possible these require to be thought also. I have dialogues wrongly one consumer of consumer of wood of pine of size measure 4 meter is which during the time answered the demand from New Zealand. He wears to produce component furniture, for a while size measure 260 centimeter of ex perhutani to produce plywood. Virtual Perhutani can provide but they said - have come too far unintentionally - buy from New Zealand at the price of cheap.

To alter setting produces his wood so that ever friendliness of global market is which trend tends to expand, whether pursued by a board of directors’ policy?

If policy Board of directors of my Perhutani assess have enough accommodate. Just only factor of its difficulty is change mindset of all executor of our production in field store. Less can act quickly. Reason of them, among other things: with cutting four difficult meters is the transportation and others. Because ordinary of the size enough incoming to go up of one truck basin, he said.
Growth of global Market with new demand of I estimate need more is intensively communicated by part is executor of our production. It is true to can alter old habit need also step tight control, if is only comprehended mere.

Whether for case of a kind of the party of Bureau of Marketing need special authority?

I feel authority owned in this time even also have adequate. For example there is training cut away and others, just only its practice not yet able to as soon as change trend of global market. But it is true if Perhutani remain to will leading in global market yes have to earn quickly anticipate. Like, to the fore this we will develop factory plywood, this is a step of market anticipate. (P09J023 - SJTE)

Teak Perhutani Price Have Marginal

2008-01-10T02:05:00.000-08:00

Story - Teak wood - Trade

Bambang Prayoga Wahjudi, in Surabaya, saying like that

In the following is result interview with one who take hold of Wood Perum Perhutani East Java Industry and Marketing Bureau Head,

You spell out members teak ex perhutani price have marginal, what is the meaning of that?

From my perception, saleable price is sortimen (sizes in woods) A1 and A2. Sortimen A1 is 19; sortimen A2 is twenty-five and twenty-eight. Why supply in] TPK (Wood Conglomeration Place) that is A3 a lot of. According to me, since for that businessmen bought is wood A1 and A2 admit of added significance
If A3 of because not many giving advantage yes is not bought. Because assessed by too costly. In consequence its price require to be revised. But do not all sortimen A3 like that (counted costly), and this that the careful need.
Experience several times the sale auction here is a lot of wood A3 that is not saleable sold. Caused by some size measure which do not marketable, so that although by auction at the price of unlimited, during inappropriate of desire will not be sold. Example of for example KBP (worker substance wood), treatment there must be special before marketed. It is true, is for that needed by a special order. Procedure nicely and the origin don't play.

Become, according to you for sortimen A2 also his price still too costly?

If A2 exactly on the contrary, Too cheap its price so that is quickly sold. WhileA3is not saleable because too costly. Because do not give a lot of enjoyment for buyer. Therefore good to teak sortimen A3 of and also A2, presumably Perhutani require to re-arrange his pricing. Possible for A2 boosted up by a few and for A3 descend a little.
Or its sale is combination. May buy a number of A2 but also have to at one blow buy some amount A3, Taking example, if there is enthusiast which will earn 100 meter cubic A2, better also ready to buy 30 cubic of A3.
During the time generally merchant of buyer of wood of Perhutani would to buy just cheap and scream protest for the wood assessed its is costly. If those entire merchants feel as good partner from Perhutani, shall ready to cooperate.

Did a Bureau of marketing own authority of arrangement like that?

I have start here, since month of this August. Term (in Javanese speech) perhaps: "nggendhong - inggit". If merchant earn profit of a lot of from sortimen A2 better him will taken of a few assisting Perhutani, so that all size measure of its wood can be sold.
Policy model sales mix of like this for example success conducted in region of marketing KBM (union of self-supporting business) in Probolinggo which coincidence of absorption for fast saleable sortimen A1 and A2. However solution of sale model this combination is just special to be short-range. While long-range so that price of A3 earn a little degraded. (P09J022 - SJTE)

Four Element of Determinant Assess To Sell Wood

2008-01-10T01:58:00.000-08:00

Story – Teak wood - Trade

Lead Industrial Bureau and Marketing of Wood of Perum Perhutani East Java, Ir. Bambang Prayoga Wahjudi, MM of Time take hold of Industrial General Manager Perum Perhutani of Wood Gresik, obtaining appreciation " International Golden Award 2007" for his efficacy sell product of wood processed principally economize raw material. Non-merely selling product of wood of solid of like tradition taken place during the time.

Buttonhole of this Humorist as long as treading career in Perum Perhutani pertained to own energy of high creativity. Its among have run exponent so that emerge industry of national bee.

Others, because his proposal also, at about 20 last year, Board of directors of Perum Perhutani revise size measure sortimen (size of wood) of his wood so that become friendlier of market (marketable) and can enlarge advantage potency.

"There is four element of determinant of price sell wood. Namely, size measure of level of log wood, wood length, status of wood and quality of wood," he say in Surabaya, October 2007. Ever greater, long, owning prime quality and status of hewing which do not impinge law, hence assess to sell that wood even also will go up.

He also say, in world of commerce of wood is unknown to existence of discount or discount. Going into effect is term of adjustment of price in meaning in fact. That is price as according to fourth content of element or factor of like the mentioned in each bole. (P09J02.1 – SJTE)

Three Way of Buying Wood by SMS

2008-01-10T01:50:00.000-08:00

Story – Teak wood - Trade

Way of First - Enthusiast know situation and price of goods to be bought:

1. Delivering evidence of transfer of money via neither bank/by facsimile nor sms to number phone office of KBM/PONSEL GM of Marketing of Wood Perhutani of Regional Central Java of I (West). Contact SMS in number 08123459809 and contact telephone (0283) 351183,
2. West GM or his worker will at once reply at one blow submit order of yours of service to his officers in location of woods stocks,
3. Buyer earn direct transport his goods;

Way of Second - Enthusiast see goods but like to know price and certainty have been sold or not yet:

1. Typed and deliver such question then look forward to hearing that,
2. If his answer yes, please continue with process of transaction of like way of first.

Way of Third - Enthusiast which wish to know supply of wood of Perhutani of Central Java in Region of Marketing I (Tegal):

1. Type and send question to number phone office KBM of Regional Marketing of I Perhutani of Central Java – Jawa Tengah - /Ponsel GM, last look forward to hearing that,
2. Or if will use opportunity intentionally self can be direct come office of KBM Marketing of Regional Wood of I Perum Perhutani of Central Java in Road of Menteri Supeno I No.3 Tegal, Zip Code 52124. (P09J01.2 – SJTE)

Using "SMS" to Buying Teakwood

2008-01-10T01:42:00.000-08:00

Story - Teak wood - Trade

Perum Perhutani Central Java, Self-Supporting Business Union (Regional KBM) Wood Marketing of I (Tegal) improve service system quality to their wood consumer. Is with technological exploiting of SMS (short message service / brief message service through cellular telephone) to innovate service.

Enough type data of size measure of log wood that’s you wish and deliver with code of receipt of transfer money (through showed of Bank account number) hereinafter the goods can be taken direct.

General Manager (GM) KBM Wood Marketing Perhutani of Central Java to be Regional of I (Central Java part of West), Ir.SRS Wibowo, in his office, Jalan Menteri Supeno - Tegal, announcing about use of is way of newly in the teak commerce.

"Enough send last receipt of transfer mention size measure of wood price and enthused with that wood conglomeration location, and hereinafter we please to take it immediately," say SRS Wibowo

Innovate service system of like this clear surprise wood Perhutani consumer party. Because - have come too far unintentionally - have expand perception, that do not easy to buy wood from Perhutani. Now, negative perception like that has removed.

Is public secret so far, that to earn to relate to party Perhutani as biggest producer of teak, wood consumer have to able to penetrate broker community coat moving syndicate supposing.

The Practice Ala syndicates wood broker generally animate tradition brings suit tribute gift strength to persons in Perhutani wood marketing.

Now, whose even also which have ready to the fund and wish to buy wood from Perhutani, as long as such stock goods still be made available, earn easily in direct correlation to party Perhutani

Way of newly pleasing this entire buyer has been proved by its effectiveness by circle of wood consumer. Inclusive of a number of new faces is which is the unknown to previously as buyer of wood Perhutani.
" All buyer of like this generally I do not recognize directly. May even exist many times the transaction but his people are at all I not yet recognize. Like just now there is somebody readying to buy teak of type of doreng in gross," express Wibowo.

Teak of Type of doreng of among traditional buyer of wood of Perhutani less is enthused. By " sms" this is sold by thousands of cubic of teak doreng, so that per date of 30 March 2007 then his supply almost used up. (P09J01.1 - SJTE)

A Bud of newt teak tree Growth in area of ex cut away

2008-01-09T05:54:00.000-08:00

Story - Teak forest - Forester

Bydm soriyt Tree “Tunas" teak in Nganjuk, Photograph taken at 2004.
See relevance article – P08J013.

"Trubusan" for Recovery of Nganjuk Teak forest

2008-01-09T05:47:00.000-08:00

Story - Teak forest - Forester

Soewarno (2004, Administrator Perhutani of Union of Lap of Forest Nganjuk, East Java) explaining, in this time productivity of teak from area of forest of KPH Nganjuk gyrate only 40 thousand meter cubic of per year.

“Those even also his formal number. But reality only gyrate 5000 until 7000 meter cubic, because most disappearing in the form of wood rencek - firewood. On that account why not to be managing so that can be more again?" he said.

So, for recovery immediately, word he only can be strive with management “trubusan" (new bydm soriyt is which grow in secondhand cut away) teak plants.

In this time, he said, area of forest produce in Nganjuk own to cycle (growth cycle) truthfully shall no longer until 20 year, but only in gyration five annual.

That matter can be happened by because various trouble factors, like a lot of happened by case of mutilation of plant until the tree theft.

" Generally the crop newly old age among five until ten years disappear because stolen, then the time cultivated is again destroyed by a people, so that have never reach cycle grow (normal daur)," he said, That can all be happened by because factor pressure of high society so that Perhutani unable to overcome it.

To can overcome this problem, Soewarno propose a solution of through opinion to cut to cycle (cycle grow) from a period to 70 year become only 20 just year, in buffer zone with technique cut away without teresan (see his criticism about the problem of teresan teak) so that earn convalesce quickly through technique of bydm soriyt conservancy.

“So that the society needing the wood shall no longer have to wait too old," he explains.

According to he, frankly Perhutani have owned opinion to plant in buffer zonal cycle is short (FGS=Fast Growing Species), Just only, disappointed properly because non-with teak plants type, but acacia of mangium and mindi.

" Though, in fact our is special opportunity with teak plants, what also can be made to cycle (cycle look after forest) its short, because can be cut away by age 10 year and 20 year even can also," he told.

He tell, in this time the teak categorize diameter 4 and diameter 7 representing result cut away age 10 year and 20 year, also is in demand sold in marketing.

Become important to remember, that teak even also can be made to cycle (plant cycle) short with pattern of conservancy trubusan (new bydm soriyt in secondhand of tree which is cut away previously). But whereas this possible still be fetched up all standing at opinion that teak cycle has to 70 year.

How even also, teak of economic value it will be higher always than various wood of dissimilar type?

According to he madely is tree of teak cycle (cycle of plant management) short, will not bump principal of forestry anything.

“Wrong is not at all, because in management of forest there are three principles, that are ecological, social and economic," his expressed.

“From aspect of clear ecology fulfilled by because is used up cut away direct become forest return, economic facet also surely because can yield short during, while concrete social side also because its 25 advantage gratuity for the countryside cash," he said.

During twenty year of if cut away, at least to each wide one hectare can be valuable minimize Rp50 million with goals 100 meter cubic of per hectare

Why newly think like that now?

"Myself newly find the way of like this the moment undertake in Nganjuk, time still in Forest Lap Union area (KPH) Telawa is at all not yet," replied Soewarno.

He confess newly can think like this the time witness trubusan (a buds of new tree) which is a lot of popping out to become forest nicely in area KPH Nganjuk.

He sees behavioral tendency of worker Perhutani in making crop in this time differ compared to when range of time of year around 1970.

“In years of 1970 and the early after that times all diligent gaffer once, if the rains of moment descend rain, they come to forest for fresh vegetable plant. But now, so the day come their rain exactly fall asleep fallen asleep, so that plant now the result less nicely," express Soewarno.

By the consideration, beside the costly plant making expense factor and the conservancy time old ones and contain a lot of security risk, hence the technique conservancy of bydm soriyt in this time assessing of most relevant. (P08J013 - SJTE). See relevance picture – P08J013.

The Java teak in area of forest "Trubusan"

2008-01-09T05:29:00.000-08:00

Story - Teak forest - Forester

Forest of “Trubusan" Teak in Nganjuk, East Java, This picture taken at year of 2004.
See relevance article – P08J012

With Teresan Need's Demarcation of Cut away Teak

2008-01-09T05:19:00.000-08:00

Story - Teak forest - Forester

Dissimilar Benefit with does not use technique teresan, like proposed by Soewarno (2004, Administrator Perhutani Nganjuk), and is can disregard action of demarcation of activity cut away teak production. Such as those which - have come too far unintentionally - is conducted by Departmental rule of Forestry of about Quota Produce to Cut away (JPT) Teak.

His clarification is, with hewing of teak trees without technique of hope able teresan hence the existence growth of new bud surety to swiftly changed area of forest is cut away.

Because shall no longer have to through phase of early cultivation generating impression of the happening of addition of area wasteland.

" Isn’t it true that, JPT gone into effect by demand to lessen occurrence of wasteland newly. So, through plant of new from tree which is cut away by without teresan, possibility to minimally of wasteland addition incidence," word Soewarno, Appearance of Regulation limiting amount produce teak of because Departmental party of Forestry sees a lot of crop of later forest fail grown by Perum Perhutani.

According to he is, with effort of plant of bud surety of teak plants in location cut away done by without teresan hence the deductible fear like that.

Relate to fanatics of consumer wishing classic quality of teak which is through process cut away teresan (technique of natural draining), he explain if special for that earn just certain allocation in number.

But to serve such requirement, side Perhutani have to stand at bay at company principle, what is claimed always can yield optimal profit.

" If it is true there is group of fanatical consumer of teak from process of teresan hence assess to sell even also have to be counted is costlier the than standard of price of generally," he said.

He affirm, what it’s meaning fulfill appetite of some of consumer wanting classic quality of teak if them not ready to assign value more for Perhutani as company.

" Might possibly there is whereas one who place artistic value at quality of teak result of teresan, but they also have to ready to overpay," he express.

Told, to fulfill demand of appetite of consumer like that, Perhutani own reserve of wood of allocation which can in area of forest of teak which is gone the round of by grow in a lot of location with the nature of geographical is which it is true run dry.

" Become, pricing sell teak with the quality have to cover component of expense teresan, custody of its security and factor of expense of effect of is loss of opportunity of circular magnification of tree bar (riap)," he itemize.

Assumption assess to sell its wood wait might possibly if wet teak worth Rp4 million special hence for the dry teak can be valuable among five millions of rupiah until six million rupiah in size measure of same sortimen (timber cutting size).

It is true, he said again, in this time there is whereas party which of opinion that for crop of trubusan after twenty year of growong (can be holes) in its bar.

" Hence, for tree of trubusan like that start age 10 year should have been cut away. Will be able to reach age grow 20 year, so that do not reaching be holey," express he explain.

He trust, if ' way of newly' such (exploiting trubusan) is at a time executed, hence can be created by an everlasting forest area, yielding wood infinitude so that can be yielded by a wood price which cheap enough than this time.

Therefore, forwards require to be planned by a forest area classification produce teak with two criterion's fundamental. That is, categorize core area, what remain to hold on to classic method of cultivation cycling (cycle grow) until the centenary, and the buffer zone which the allocation to fulfill the teak requirement demand for infinitude. (P08J012 – SJTE) See relevance picture – P08J012.

The Java teak forest area in a period of Teresan

2008-01-09T04:58:00.000-08:00

Story - Teak forest - Forester

Teresan of teak forest, two year of before cut away.
See relevance article – P08J01

Criticizing Technique "Teresan" Teak Tree

2008-01-09T04:52:00.000-08:00

Story - Teak forest - Forester

Sub title: Soewarno say from Nganjuk, East Java

Progress the system of teak plants in Java by the end of century 19 yielding technique " teresan", that is kill teak tree in place the growing of during two year of before cut away.

Way of this relies on tropical sunshine sting to can lessen rate water bole mount the desired.

Technique like that later, then commonly use as a mean to yield prima certifiable teak.

But later emerge critical opinion for way of classical that, specially questioning about time efficiency processed to take place, such as those which have been proposed by Ir.Soewarno - at 2004 he is Administrator Perhutani Forest Nganjuk Lap Union in East Java.

"Now have there is machine oven technology, hence by itself can reply requirement control rate wet in bole," he say to Sugayo Jawama Adam.

According to he, for the present condition at least there is three-loss potency if non-stopped to be conducted by the way of teresan of before teak tree cut away.

First from main expense side, tree security fare second of during main process (during two year) and third is desisting of riap (growth) bole diameter of during in phase teresan.

He say, without main assess to sell wood can be bigger.

According to he, assess to sell teak Perhutani is in this time calculated by pursuant to its quality and volume, equally is not assessed by its dryness rate level.

" Become, make what strain after if between dry teak and the wet teak of its price do not differ," he said.

He understands, formerly possible its wet and dry factor is bole still their significant influences in transportation business from check location produce go to wood processing factory.

However, now with condition generally the forest Perhutani situation which relative the near by roadway and supported by an appliance transport modern, perhaps the transportation difficulty factor shall no longer like former era.

Loss potency problem from desisting of growth riap diameter bole of effect of two years old of teresan period is also detailed by Soewarno.

Main except that, during two year there will be bole diameter growth (riap). Tell to one year its riap expand semi just centimeter, hence in two year happened by growing one centimeter of per tree.

"Become, if per tree one centimeter multiplied by ten thousand main trees for example, hence there will be wood volume addition of so much useless missing meter cubic," he said.

Hereinafter, losses from main fare expenditure, expense kill trees that are the level of a thousand rupiahs of per tree bar. (P08J011 – SJTE)
See relevance picture – P08J011.

A Dissimilar Plant Association on the teak forest area

2008-01-09T03:45:00.000-08:00

Story - Forest - Timberland

Dissimilar plant association at Padangan Teak forest district.
See relevance article – P07J013

Teak Forest Association of With Plants Others

2008-01-09T03:39:00.000-08:00

Story - Forest - Timberland

Sub title: Continuation of about teak forest area of result of year crop 1857

If it is true that way existence, that countryside resident around the old forest area still have to feel to follow to own forest, is there any a kind of thank expression from Perhutani make them?

"Like this, Malingmati represent one of my goals countryside for activity PHBM (Forest Development of with Society)," reply Administrator Agus Hermansyah.

According to him, program the countryside society entangling in commitment equivalence work this, at specified first phase to three-target countryside

According to him, glide deed with countryside people of about this forest; of course bargain of initially from Perhutani. After his side explain the plan, caught up by appearance of a number of request form program from society

But that way, according to Sutomo, existence feels to follow to own among countryside resident living around the old forest area not because of certain figure exponent motivation in the countryside. But, likely more caused by his collective awareness

"If very figure have an effect on or influence, I estimate there is no. Only, from talking we are with countryside citizen, really there be still feel that," say Sutomo

According to he, beside countryside Malingmati of there be still more one so called countryside of Tambakrejo, what the nearest coincidence of its situation with monument forest area will that

From itself forest existence side, have time to be said by a comment draw by Agus Hermansyah. He explains, in farm for the width of 98 hectares more that, that have in the form of straightened is old.

From aspect riap (wood volume growth) have cannot increase again. Become have desisted, cannot expand again, economically this crummy of course to be let. Have to be exploited or cut away.

"But, we also have to show to coming generation, that here there be still one of example of old forest nicely," he said.

Pursuant to two mentioned consideration, we have proposed to Unit II party (Head Office of Perhutani for the East Java region), straightened of tree which more or less that 90 hectares is we will leave over about 30 hectares in order not to cut away.

But, rest, what is 60 hectare we have to cut away, because have unproductive again.

He tells, hereinafter for its regenerating tree, besides around proposed to be cultivated by JPP (best Teak Perhutani type). Possible semi, and than which a half side we make its crop "teak association”.

Teak association, he said, is multifarious of plants, which ecologically live around the teak tree. Follow the example of, among other things, tree kesambi, ploso, and tree segawe.

“Cause, if we speak ecology importance, which do not only just the just teak.
But, about that need is also grown by a dissimilar tree which can grow along with teak growth," he said explain.

When that matter will be started? What have there is blaze the way of it?

“Yes, after this plan is agreed by our head," replies Agus Hermansyah

Beside have planned for the teak forest management 1857, in pocket Agus Hermansyah really there is one again the other plan.

With the forest location, at elbow its also there is location areas produce seed (APB) Teak.

"In side that there is APB teak which its tree nicely, and the annual report express its seed production nicely and those seed have been sent by exit KPH, everywhere”.

"My intention, if waiting for location of teak forest for touring activity area, hence this site can be composed by the mentioned old teak forest monument, then the journey can passing by areas of teak which still be intact and represent areas produce seed " he said

He tells, in case of necessity at certain months, we announce that teak seed intake at the monthly.

So, that can represent attraction that can conducive to visitor.
"Afterwards later we can also circle in seedbed location. I estimate this will be very attractive to all enthusiast knowledge tourism," he said motivated

He confess, its goals is invite overseas candidate visitors of foreign countries

Likely Agus Hermansyah hanker for the gold at one blow sell it. That Old forest like old fighting cock is which require to be recalled by his service. (P07J013 - SJTE)
See relevance picture – P07J013.

Best quality teak tree for seed production

2008-01-09T03:30:00.000-08:00

Story - Forest - Timberland

Tree of Teak seed production area in Padangan forest, a barbed wire forest. See relevance article – P07J012

A Barbed Wire Forest Area in Padangan

2008-01-09T03:22:00.000-08:00

Story - Forest - Timberland

Sub title: Continuation about area of teak forest planting in year 1857.

“Surprising," that way possible our off the cuff utterance when meeting circumstance forest of old teak at Kaliaren - Bojonegoro, East Java.

Really there is still also area of forest, which remain too safe to grow up to range of time almost one century half.

Admiration like that also which have time to appear on my head, time visit area of that forest, Wednesday (19/3/2003) then.

Yes, when seed tree of that teak is planted (year 1857), about new Abraham Lincoln have age to 48 year and not yet become President of USA of number 16.

Have time to think also if safety of that forest is also blessing of wise attitude and wisdom of resident of vicinity countryside, in order not to be ruined of the area.

From journey " survey candidate of tour area" with Administrator Padangan, Ir.Agus Hermansyah, Asper (named of leveling job description) Kaliaren West, Sutomo And Ajun Administratur Ir.Djoko Siswantoro of that daytime, is obtainable at least picture of about background of circumstance of forest there.

Clarification for the mentioned expressed by through conference at the same time accelerate in vehicles of Jeep squiring us to location of that old forest, that way its citation.

Sutomo: From story of all our predecessors in Perhutani, check of forest of number of 84 this is also recognized with the title “barbed wire forest”.

"It’s meaning that forest at early days first has been fenced with barbed wire. When precisely? I cannot ascertain. What clear, during me there have there no rasher even also the ex- his barbed wire. Since early year 2000 me of Assistant of Perhutani in Kaliaren West," he said.

Why fenced, according to his story to be taken by its seed? Become from that location is famous of seed quality which is good to is then taken and propagated in other area needing it, By then managing still Dutch.

Administrator Agus Hermansyah tells if data of about in order to the forest area in his area have never seen of in formal document of forestry.

According to Sutomo, beside story of about thorny barbed wire existence, there is also the location having special assumption by villager around that forest area.

"In side it is true there is a kind of location assumed lucky and keramat (containing mysterious energy). In this Westside there is somebody mausoleum which likely very respected. Also there are river," he said

It is said, the story first there is somebody doing penance riparian die. Then in Ex- River stone is he sits to do penance that is often visited by people, besides have pilgrimage to that mysterious first mausoleum shack.

Finally, hitherto place at elbow that big teak tree recognized with the title “tapan" what its meaning is place to do penance.

That old Forest area is located enough far from countryside resident settlement areas.

One proximate countryside from so much countryside encircling it, is so called countryside " Malingmati", this even also its distance more than two kilometers

Those location is which enough far from countryside closest this likely making forest there peaceful enough. Its proof, according to Sutomo, 1857 year crop that its circumstance can be told still relative the goodness.

"Its meaning, non is not at all there is missing tree, is but compared to in better other area a long way off," he said.

When I asked him of how many missing tree so far? He replies there are 12 trees.

According to assessment Agus Hermansyah, loss of a number of the tree, in period, which is the full of tree foray case of like this can be told, doesn't mean anything.

"Possible they take that just to overcome his emergency need is just," he said

But that way, he refuse to say that countryside resident around the forest own wise soul to forest.

" Can be told, That is Malingmati society character is divisible two, between taking care of forest and which disturbing too," he said explain

Will submit conclusion, Agus Hermansyah have a notion that factor as safe as that forest area at period of intensively it him the theft first, because supported by a number of condition profiting.

"First, tell because its situation which is far from countryside, Secondary, because is often taken care of by a worker. And, what third, because size measure its tree is big it is true, become hard to be stolen. Surely is immediately seen by a moment people bring it," Agus Hermansyah explains.

For the lightwood transported by they could probably lift at the same time run. But for the big size measure tree like this, surely difficult to lift its wood, too big the radian size measure of that old tree for people physical energy.

From other side because a number of reason of rational factor like that, is they’re any because villager attitude factor, what convincing of that does old tree own the miracle aura, so that that forest existence is protected.

Sutomo: There no. I estimate there no. Becoming, mentioned correct, because the tree is big, so that if there is which steal will tree here, nothing other than to be taken by his stick is small just.

From the answer second presumably can pull conclusion, that about as safe as old forest area in this Field is that he attend at the (time) of unerring.

That is, in early days its growth is protected by the thorny barbed wire, and for the present moment he have out of proportion to stolen, And surely by thief with amateurish supply or equipments.

Agus Hermansyah even also say, at Dutch era in command here ahead, forests still a lot of. Becoming, wood theft problem not yet become problem of equal to now”

Even so steal, most his amount one two tree to repair house. Non to be commercialized," he said have the assumption.

But, even Agus Hermansyah even also enquire to Sutomo, in the year 1998 when emerging the mass action of theft of forest tree, why this forest remain to safe.

Sutomo even also theorize it is true if from society of about that, there no feeling to follow to rob forest area.

"Perhaps their have simply feeling to wish to rob its, but to by frontal do foray of there no. For area of Padangan of during foray multitude, that robbing from Ngawi," he said

According to his perception, rural resident around area of the old forest more or less still have to feel “handarbeni” (owning to follow to take care of, Sja.

"And, really at yrs. 2000-2001, letting even also the provocation (others influence). Remain to do not want to rob," say Sutomo. (P07J012 – SJTE).
See relevance picture – P07J012.

Teak tree result by plants at 1857

2008-01-09T03:15:00.000-08:00

Story – Forest - Timberland

One of Teak tree result of plants in year of 1857, Picture taken in year 2003. See relevance article – P07J0011.

The 1857 Teak in "Padangan" District of Forest

2008-01-09T03:09:00.000-08:00

Story - Forest - Timberland

One day before the United States President of number 43, George Walker Bush, delivering soldier to Iraq 2003, Administrator Perhutani Padangan, Ir.Agus Hermansyah MM, inviting me to explore forest Kaliaren area, witnessing the teak forest of results planting in year of 1857.

Its situation in Regency Bojonegoro area, precisely in forest check 84 A, Part of Forest Lap Union (BKPH) Kaliaren West, Perhutani Forest Lap Union (KPH) Padangan.

Become, refer size measure of age class (KU) Forest, entering KU XIV meaning its age before 150 year.

Sum up tree, which still grow that by dozens. There is about 99 tree of a hectare farm with tree volume mean of reach 224 m3 (cubic).

In permanent forest check broadly 99, 9 hectares (this ha), for the width of 98, 5 ha this dominant contain of teak plant in year of 1857.

While other, for the width of 0, 5 ha contain year plant teak 1922 (N/Ha: 110 tree) and teak plants of year 1984 for the width of 0, 5 hectare by N/Ha contain 2550 tree.

Observe domination sum up teak tree of crop by human being of year 1857 which still make healthy to stand up this, it is possible that this place is early delivering birth silvikultur technique history teak forest, principally is everlasting forest, in Java.

In area BKPH (Part Of Union of Forest Lap) Kaliaren West, owning number of check of forest with number of eighty this, there is a lot of swampy forest of teak plants old in age and prima with quality, is so that reserved as areas produce seed (APB) Teak.

Among, in check 80e for the width of nine hectares contain 758 tree of teak of crop of year 1930. In check 85 b of there are 1.688 tree of teak of crop 1938 which grow in areas totally is wide 15 hectares.

Forest of Teak planted after of colonial era of alias in era of governance by Indonesia Government even also there is, in check of forest of number 80 b, where growing 670 tree in area broadly 7,2 hectare of result of crop 1950.

In check of number 80 d of there are 2.051 tree planted in the year 1952 for the width of 16, 6 ha. Then in check 81 d also there are crop of year 1952 which nowadays 684 trees among other things for APB, in farm for the width of 7 hectare.

And, in check 80 c there is farm for the width of 7, 5 ha contains 983 tree of teak of crop of year 1954 have.

Those capitals to, side Perhutani of Padangan propose this place for area of monument forest.

"Difficult in a condition met straightened [of] old teak like in this time, in memory of its needing there is area of monument forest, functioning protected forest and multipurpose forest. What also can give contribution for society of vicinity countryside - in the form of area picnic location - besides benefit for operation and arrangement arranges water," word of Agus Hermansyah in proposal to his headquarters. (P07J011- SJTE)
See relevance picture – P07J011.

Forest of Teak in Java Mythology

2008-01-07T20:13:00.001-08:00

History - Teak forest - Utilization

Along enter and expand Hinduism in Java, exploiting of wood and settlement of forest of teak here, even also done by inspiration of foreigner from India land.

In this island also is then happened by adaptation among Hinduism tradition and culturally is local mythology becoming background of traditional confidence typically one who populating in Java. In Java mythology, forest own central meaning.

History stands up monarchic in Java, almost everything having background of story about forest existence. Mention of “Babad Alas” (Story about forest area) is terminology of standard and always become opener of story about early standing an empire in Java.

“Alas” – or in English “the forest”: one of term in Javanese words – its can be mean the base of, or you can give mean an “alasan” that mean a reason ability to everything could be work or walk too.

Between it, can be mentioned by like in saga stand up monarchic “ Majapahit”, saying about The Raden Wijaya obtaining land area of “Hutan Tarik” as capital forming of his empire.

Those ways also with history of Danang Sutawijaya finding “Alas Mentaok” then open his Empire Mataram. And also myth of Raden Patah gave “Alas Glagahwangi” – Alas it means forest too - by later is he found Sultanate of Demak Bintoro.

At Java Island there are many sub cultural tradition of tribes, and the Java tribe are a majority population. But, not only in Java tribe cultural tradition, story about forest relationally with human tradition of life it inclusive of also in area which majority of its citizen non-from Java tribe.
( P03J001 – SJTE)

Teak in Hindustani Civilization

2008-01-07T20:13:00.000-08:00

History – Teak forest – Plant

In a period of ahead, nation India in their birth land, it is possible that is first human being group multiply to know excellence quality of teak, so that then exploit it to support their life freshment.

For example, of teak in past India land put into use for the important substance its house wares and house making, and to fulfill the family kitchen fuel need, also important upon which in transportation equip making - oxcart and wheel making - substance.

Then explosion sum up teak use along with explosion of population of human being over there, situation like that potential beyond question to menace the continuity of teak forest. This area, hence, earn annihilate at any times.

Hereinafter, all power and thinker nations India cope to find the way of to limit teak usage amount, to maintain teak forest area existence which still be remained by that moment.

Target in essence is for the shake of reinstating important function of teak forest as season balance guarantor.

Later they create a way of, a circumstance enabling to form friendly human being behavior and attitude to teak forest area.

Most effective technique in period at that time is attached and adapts it, with their tradition religious confidence (is Hinduism).

Under color of confidence like this also, hence then the teak exploiting only given high priority to flake in their social life structure.

Any people with any way of finally did not have permitted to conduct of teak tree hewing. But only to certain people who are for empire bless permitted to cut away teak tree - early by a special ceremony with a very complicated of mystical ritually. So, its difficulty to any people brings the woods, later than before.

In a period to that start introduced by a technique plant and looks after teak tree, Shall no longer only rely on from nature teak forest, to wood up. Is but made by a special forest area to look after teak tree.

There is a lot of difference, among tree of teak result of conservancy with genuine of natural plant.

In this way start obtainable of teak, which its bar is diametrical, shall no longer be ligneous of natural teak owning a lot of handicap of quality of tree stick and ramification.

Teak tree let by grow natural, generally the moment wooded up by a lot curve and perforated, because too much ramification and stick at bar of its tree. Because, likely a lot of birch others, if let to by grow natural without special treatment, can in form of leafy like bush.

So, it will be obtained by difficult of form bar of diametrical tree with result of wood is which also smoothly, from plant of natural teak. But, if it result by conservancy, its can be excellence quality of teakwood. (P02J001 - SJTE)

Began by Natural Demand of their Function

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History – Teak forest - Environmental

The history of Teak Forest, can be told, began by natural demand of their plantation type function, as provider a habitat enabling all the form of continent creature earn secure and prosperous life in it.

So, the term of forest may be can be mean a place to us doing restoration - for rest - or that mean a place for our destination when looking for a refreshment or doing refresh?

Compatible Teak tree grow in area with the nature of dry land and contain chalk. Swampy forest of Place he spring up to cover a large amount of area in Asian continent to Java Island.

This Tree character is defensive strength grow in hard land - impecunious chalk mountain area generalizable of farm fertility element ( hara) - during do is not cut away or destroyed by a people.

Special ably to take care of cycle climatic in its growth place area, teak plants represent contributor of necessary for the happening of continuity of ecosystem which can work by natural.

Is proved be drop its leaf in dry season (conducting land cistern, something that very vital at area with tropical temperature) and back have the close leaf to moment come the rains, representing his natural function as absorption irrigate. (P01J001 – SJTE)

The Classic Equipment of Java Teak Forest Mapping

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This picture taken at 2000 in "Manggala Wanabakti" Museum of Forest by my first Digital Camera with one piece of 1.33 MB floopy disc.. The techno of those equips so really simply..

The Early Steps in Save Up Java Teak forest

2007-12-25T08:46:00.000-08:00

History – Teak forest – Plant

1808, Wood Commerce by Private dispermitted

Before forest management handled by all expert in governance area, wide data of forest in Java have never been conducted.

Java Forest history may be spelled out members, showing wide of forest which tends to decrease. Though is not made available by a comparator data made at a period of power VOC, utilize to know previous amount the area wide.

After era kumpeni end on-hand Bataafsche Republiek, hence according to agreement(Constitutie Der Bataafsche Republiek 1798) all debt kumpeni and estate taken over by new power led by Aziatische Raad, what is according to section 249 have to make and plan charter to manage colony

This Charter finish in year 1803 and in the year 1804 gone into effect. One of decision product in this regulation mention that, ' all forest in Java become governmental property have

Base to the Decision, hence start year 1808 by Daendels (Governor General, until May 1811) lifted by a number of functionary, to each functionary attached by author of according to its command:
1. Wood Forest General Inspector to entire Java;
2. Secretary and Fiscal assigned to assist to Wood Forest General Inspector;
3. Member and President for the wood forest administration;
4. Posgangger; and
6. Wood Commissary

Daendels ( 14 January 1808 until 16 May 1811 becoming Governor General. Tijds V. Ned. Ind. 1869 jg. 3 dl II blz. 158 G.H.V. Soest), in year 1808 specifying regulation that:
a. Forest domination have to be executed by Boschwezen ( for the first time this term is used;
b. Collection of result of forest have to be run by Boschwezen;
c. Wood Commerce by private shall no longer be permitted.

1874 A period to Forest Union Settlement

Hereinafter, 57 year later, publish first law regulation in forestry area, namely Boschreglement 1865 representing product punish early which relate to forest eternity principality. At core is invited preventable in order to the wild action of Java deforestation menaced its permanence.

The First hereafter, propose secondary stipulating Boschreglement at 1874. With product of law and regulation in this forestry area, started to be done by a forest union division of totality Java. In a period to this also the forest area settlement start can be specified though not yet until the inch.

That is early from forest union boundary stipulating action named boschdistrict by the basis for ordinance 10 September 1874 Staatsblad No.215 and go into operation at the same time by Reglement is new forest at date of 3 May 1875 (Stsbl.No.84).

Teak Forest in Java Island - and included Madura - assorted to become 13 Forest Canton ( J.W.H. Cordes, Inspekteur B.H. Boschwezen in Ned. Ind. De Djatibosschen op Java 1881 hal.255. 1887 position Chef v.h. Indisch Boschwezen), the following:
1. Karesidenan Banten with Regency Cianjur from karesidenan Priangan;
2. Karesidenan Priangan, except Regency Cianjur, by karesidenan is Karawang and Cirebon;
3. Karesidenan of Banten; and
4. Karesidenan Semarang;
5. Karesidenan Kedu, Bagelen and Banyumas;
6. Karesidenan Jepara; and
7. Blora and Karesidenan Rembang;
8. Regency Tuban and Bojonegoro from Karesidenan Rembang;
9. Karesidenan Surabaya and Pasuruan;
10. Karesidenan Probolinggo, Besuki and Banyuwangi;
11. Karesidenan Kediri;
12. Karesidenan Madiun, except Regency Ngawi; and
13. Regency Ngawi from Karesidenan Madiun and Karesidenan Surakarta

In area of boschdistrict Priangan, Krawang, Banyumas, Bagelen and Probolinggo-Besuki of there are most non teak-forest. While forest of teak in 10 other boschdistrict there are more or less 600 thousand hectare.

Du Quesne of van Bruchem (Tectona 1935 matter. 92) narrating works of committee which controlling of forest of teak in area of Extract forest (ex boschdistrict Jepara) in year 1776. That forest of teak of since 1776 until year 1925 (range of time 149 year) experiencing of wide reduction reach the more or less 75

However have time to emerge also case of anomaly in record-keeping of about wide amount of teak forest. That is the in the year 1874 noted by a broadness only 600 thousand hectares. But result of record-keeping repeat in the year 1940 exactly mention area of forest of teak until 824.049 hectares

Ham, in his note depicts history of forest of boschdistrict Probolinggo- Besuki. Those in a period of power of kumpeni beside the south area of the forest have been happened by a lot of ruining and opening of forest area.

About year 1770 army of kumpeni do expedition from Banyuwangi to Jember of through bevel of south of Raung mountain.

Here arises super war, because at the time area of Lumajang and Blambangan is center of resistance by local power. But view at 1884 seeing the area have been closed by a forest again.

1871, Java Teak forest Mapping

Order of Management and observation of forest of totality Java in the year 1808 (Regeling V.H. beheer en de inspectie de bosschen op Java 26 May 1808 by Maarschalk en Guverneur Generaal Daendels. Tijds V. Ned. Indie 1869 jg. 3 dl. II Blz. 158), at first forester lifted by as Inspekteur Generaal over de Houtbosschen of van of het eiland Java de of Colonel of Karel von Wolzogen, enabling conducted a wide data of forest in Java.

Specifics of Instruction released by Inspector of General of forest of wood among other things specify the following:
As soon as possible Inspector of General of forest of wood of entire Java - or govern the whole his subordinate - to check all forest in Java, comparing result of this inspection with map there is, in order to can be conducted by a some correction are when need(section 1.

Under his observation, Inspector of General of forest of wood command cartography from area of each, which map have to be taken by the born of common map (section 2).

According to van Soest ( G.H. van Soest. Het Boschwezen op Java. Tijds V. Ned. Indie 1869 3e jg. Dl. II Blz. 463) in year 1869 made by a decision to measure and map all forest of teak in Java.

For this in the early year 1860 formed a committee, what is initially crucially give or obtain cash for its duty because no supporter data.

In year 1871 of this committee can finish his duty in the form of result of mapping of area of forest of teak in Java with scale 1:10.000; 1:25.000 and 1:100.000

Though this map not yet correct accurate, but adequate enough for the purpose of management of forest of teak a period to that.

At measurement of forest of teak is especially conducted only in group of big forest is easy to visited upon, or group of forest teak alongside of river which enough made available by medium transportation.

According to this committee, is global wide forest of teak is totality Java there are more or less for the width of 6.000 ( Km2) or equivalent 600.000 hectares

As for swampy forest cover a number of area :
1.Krawang ( 14,5 Km2; not the inclusive of area own by private);
2.Priangan ( 128 Km2);
3.Cirebon ( 126 Km2);
4.Tegal ( 84 Km2);
5.Pekalongan ( 68 Km2);
6.Semarang(875 Km2;
7.Jepara(225 Km2;
8.Rembang (2845 Km2);
9.Surabaya ( 334 Km2);
10.Madura(is not measured;
11.Pasuruan ( 26 Km2);
12.Probolinggo ( 44 Km2);
13.Besuki ( 15 Km2);
14.Banyuwangi(is not measured;
15.Surakarta(partly measured:shares of Kesunanan 330 Km2 of data 1869;
16.Yogyakarta(not measured);
17.Madiun (920 Km2); and
18.Kediri (260 Km2). SJTE.

Hutan Jati di daerah Kendal, Jawa Tengah.

2007-12-22T10:44:00.000-08:00

Foto hutan jati di daerah Kendal, Jawa Tengah

Sejarah Pemanfaatan Hutan Jawa

2007-12-22T10:19:00.002-08:00

Hutan Jati Sudah Susut Sejak Tahun 1676

Tanaman Jati tumbuh tegak menyelimuti sebagian besar area hutan yang ada di Pulau Jawa. Jati adalah sejenis pohon penghasil kayu bermutu tinggi. Pohon besar, berbatang lurus, dapat tumbuh mencapai tinggi 30-40 m, berdaun lebar, yang luruh di musim kemarau.

Selain di Jawa, hutan jati telah menyebar ke Muna Sulawesi Tenggara, Sumbawa, Flores NTT dan beberapa pulau kecil lain di Indonesia.

Ada silang pendapat di antara para ahli tentang asal muasal pohon jati di Indonesia. Sebagian pakar berpandangan, tanaman jati di Jawa berasal dari India yang dibawa agamawan dan pedagang, berabad-abad silam.

Kelompok pakar ini punya argumen kuat. Menurut mereka, jati yang dikenal dunia dengan nama teak, berasal dari kata thekku –bahasa Malayalam, di bagian negara bagian Kerala di India Selatan.

Sementara Whitten dkk yang melakukan penelitian cukup lama menilai; tidak ada alasan yang kuat jika Jati berasal dari dari India Selatan. Whitten bersikukuh bahwa Jati adalah tanaman asli dari Jawa.

Pendapat Whitten dikukuhkan oleh pengujian variasi isozyme yang dilakukan oleh Kertadikara (1994). Kertadikara menunjukkan bahwa jati di Jawa telah berevolusi sejak puluhan hingga ratusan ribu tahun yang silam.

Dengan nama botanis tectona grandis l.f., jati adalah pohon besar dengan batang yang bulat lurus, yang punya tinggi total mencapai 40 m. Batang bebas cabangnya (clear bole) dapat mencapai 18-20 m.

Sejak berabad-abad lampau, para penguasa meyakini tanaman ini, selain punya nilai religi juga nilai ekonomis tinggi. Munculnya istilah asok glondhong pengareng-areng atau upeti berupa kayu jati gelondongan dari para bupati, adipati kepada raja yang berkuasa di Jawa, mencerminkan jati memang punyai nilai tinggi.

Hanya saja, ketika itu penguasa di Jawa Dwipa tidak atau belum menyadari sebenarnya kayu ini mampu menjadi komoditas yang bisa menghasilkan devisa bagi kerajaan atau negara.

Ketika ekspedisi kapal Belanda dipimpin Cornelis de Houtman beserta rombongannya mendarat di Banten tahun I596, mereka telah mencium aroma jati sebagai ladang penghasil devisa –selain rempah—bagi kepentingan pedagang Belanda.

Sejarah mencatat, di masa lalu, sebelum VOC datang ke Jawa, para bupati telah paham betapa strategisnya jati sebagai upeti kepada raja-raja dalam bentuk glondhong pengareng-areng. Setidaknya ini terlihat pada terbentuknya semacam jabatan yang disebut juru wana atau juru pengalasan (wana, alas bahasa Jawa berarti hutan). Ini artinya, tata kelola kawasan hutan jati –kendati dalam bentuk paling sederhana--, telah dilakukan oleh penguasa ketika itu.

Dalam catatan yang ada, pada abad ke-16, diketahui telah ada hutan jati yang dikelola dengan baik di sekitar Bojonegoro, Jawa Timur, untuk kepentingan pembuatan bangunan-bangunan, benteng pertahanan dan bahan baku kapal-kapal. Bahkan sampai sekarang, hutan jati di Bojonegoro itu masih terpelihara dengan baik.

Perbaikan pengelolaan hutan jati oleh VOC terus dilakukan. Jika mulanya hanya wilayah Bojonegoro, awal abad ke-19, VOC terus memperluas penguasaannya atas hutan-hutan hingga bagian utara Jawa Tengah dan Jawa Timur. Namun di era itu, pengelolaannya masih sebatas pada pengaturan penebangan dan pengamanannya.

Berpindahnya pengelolaan hutan dari VOC ke tangan Pemerintah Kolonial Belanda pada sekitar 1808, ternyata tidak menjadikan hutan jati lebih baik nasibnya. Hingga awal abad ke-20, eksploitasi yang dilakukan tidak teratur berakibat kerusakan hutan terus terjadi.

Baru pada sekitar awal abad ke-20, diletakkan dasar-dasar pengelolaan hutan jati modern yakni dengan dilakukannya pembagian atas satuan-satuan wilayah pengelolaan hutan, penataan hutan, pengaturan hasil, dan penelitian-penelitian mengenai hutan.

Di masa ini, hutan-hutan jati terdiri atas hutan yang dikelola negara, dan di hutan rakyat. Umumnya, hutan jati dikelola dengan tujuan untuk produksi kayu (hutan produksi).

Rumphius (1628-1702), seorang Koopman Kompeni yang datang pertama kali di Jawa pada 1653, juga banyak menulis ihwal hutan jati. Dalam bukunya, ”Ambonsch Kruidboek (bagian III bab XIII halaman 34)” ia berkisah tentang jati seperti ini:

Kiate-boom (Jatus Caju Jati). Kayu ramuan Jawa yang masyhur, termasuk juga dalam buku rempah-rempah, jenis kayu yang mana sekarang mulai ditanam. Jenis pohon ini sependapat kami belum pernah diceritakan atau diberikan siapa pun. Di jawa dan sekitarnya jati termasuk salah satu pohon hutan yang tertinggi, berbatang lurus, halus dan panjang sebelum berdahan dan beranting. Menurut keadaan kayunya, Jati mempunyai dua jenis, yaitu jati jantan dan jati betina.

Pohon jati tidak akan berbunga dan berbuah sebelum cukup umur. Di Jawa jati berbunga dalam bulan-bulan kering saat di sana disebut musim kemarau, dan buah jati didapat sesudah bulan Nopember. Dalam bahasa latin Jatus, dalam bahasa Duitsch Kiantenhout, Melayu dan Jawa Jati dan kayu Jati.

Di Jawa dan Madura pohon jati terdapat amat banyak, dan yang amat baik ialah Jati jantan, yang dinamakan Jati Batu atau Steen-Kiantenhout. Di daerah Semarang sisa seluruhnya penuh dengan hutan besar, ada pula dari timur Jepara hingga Gresik, dengan tempat-tempat Rembang dan Lasem sebagai pusatnya. Sedikit jati terdapat di Bali, Buton dan Pangesane. Jaman dulu orang-orang Ambon mendatangkan biji jati di pulau ini dan ditanamnya di pegunungan Hitu, karena di tempat ini tidak banyak pohon-pohon besar yang kayunya dapat digunakan untuk penduduk.

Dalam tahun 1676 kami mendatangkan biji dari Madura dan kami suruh menanamnya di tempat-tempat Leytimor, karena disini mau tumbuh dengan subur; tetapi jati membutuhkan tanah lempung merah dan gemuk (vette rode kleiaarde) seperti tanah di Madura dan Jawa.

Menurut pemeriksaan Rumphius, daerah Rembang dan Lasem merupakan pusat hutan jati dan pusat perdagangan kayu jati.

Penyusutan hutan Jati

Sebelum tahun 1676 di pulau Madura terdapat hutan jati juga. Menurut Cordes (J.W.H. Cordes. De Djatibosschen op Java 1881, halaman 176) disana-sini terdapat bekas-bekas hutan jati yang kayunya tak ada artinya lagi. Melihat bekas-bekas ini dapat diperkirakan, bahwa dahulu kala di pulau Madura terdapat hutan jati. Di kepulauan daerah Karesidenan Madura, yakni di pulau-pulau Kangean, Paliat dan Sepanjang masih banyak hutan jati, yang hasilnya selalu tidak memuaskan (mutu kayu rendah).

Du Quesne (De Djatibosschen in de Houtvesterij Pati in 1776 en thans, th. L.G. Du Quesne, Tectona 1939 halaman 91) menulis tentang hutan jati dalam tahun 1776 di daerah Pati sebagai berikut:

Di Kabupaten Kudus, sekira dua kilometer sisi timur laut Mayong dalam tahun 1776 terdapat dua komplek hutan Djati Gemering dan Jatty sarang seluas lebih kurang 30 hektare, yang jatinya tidak begitu baik, dengan batang yang bengkok dan tidak banyak kayu muda. Hutan ini oleh bupati yang bersangkutan disewakan kepada seorang Tionghoa. Sekarang (1939) hutan ini tidak ada lagi.

Diantara Gunung Muria dan kota Jepara terdapat kelompok hutan jati utuh, hutan-hutan Kawa, Gedong Gayan, Lebak, Kecapi, Bantro, Midaan, Assem, Klampiteng, Termoyo, Grinte alang-alang dan Bancar, sejauh delapan jam perjalanan dari barat sampai timur (l.k.24 km) dan lima jam perjalanan dari selatan ke utara (l.k.15 km), atau seluas lebih kurang 24X15X10 hektare=36.000 ha. Hutan ini pada tahun 1939 sudah tak ada lagi.

Sebelah tenggara lebih kurang lima kilometer dari Banjaran dalam tahun 1776 terdapat hutan Trengguli seluas satu jam perjalanan dari utara ke selatan dan seperempat jam dari timur ke barat, atau ditaksir seluas 200 hektare. Hutan jati ini pada tahun 1939 juga sudah musnah.

Hutan jati Sikatan dan Pentongan, sebelah timur laut hutan Trengguli, seluas lebih kurang 900 hektare pun sudah tak kedapatan lagi.

Hutan jati Banyurang seluas empat jam perjalanan dari utara ke selatan dan tiga jam perjalanan dari timur ke barat atau kira-kira 7000 hektare, terdiri pohon-pohon jati yang besar dan panjang. Pada waktu tahun 1939 hutan ini merupakan komplek hutan jati dari petak-petak nomor 1 s/d 35, seluas 1371 hektare. Jadi selama 177 tahun hutan jati Banyurang susut seluas 5630 hektare.

Komplek hutan jati Singotang di daerah Banjaran seluas lebih kurang 2500 hektare tahun 1939 masih ada lebih kurang 1292 hektare. Dari hutan Singotang dahulu kala dipungut hasil kayu jati: besar dan panjang 30-60 kakiX14-18 dim dan bagus.

Di sebelah timur hutan Singotang terletak hutan jati Caly Garang dan Matie kira-kira 2000 hektare. Dari luas ini tahun 1939 masih tersisa hutan jati tanaman 144 ha, hutan tua 24 ha dan tanah tak bertumbuh-tumbuhan 10 ha. Jadi sejak tahun 1776 komplek hutan ini berkurang seluas 1822 hektare.

Dari hutan Tjiellring (Clering) seluas lebih kurang 4700 hektare tahun 1939 masih terdapat 593 ha hutan jati tanaman, 384 hutan tua dan 201 hutan rimba dan tanah kosong. Jadi hutan Clering dalam waktu 177 tahun menyusut 3532 hektare.

Komplek hutan Watuallang Dumpel dalam tahun 1776 luasnya lebih kurang 2230 ha, yang pada tahun 1939 hanya tinggal 1398 ha hutan tanaman jati, 663 ha hutan tua dan 167 hutan rimba dan tanah kosong; sisanya telah musnah.
Hutan Tommo seluas lebih kurang 3700 ha. tak terdapat lagi.

Kemudian Du Quesne mengelompokkan penyusutan hutan jati di daerah Pati seperti berikut: Di wilayah Kabupaten Kudus, terkecuali daerah Sukolilo dan Prawoto, berkurang (seluas 100 ha); Kabupaten Jepara (51.700 ha); dan daerah Kabupaten Pati (13.200 ha). Total pengurangan hutan jati di kawasan Karesidenan Pati seluas 65.000 hektare.

Sedangkan hutan jati telah ditata di daerah hutan Pati pada tahun 1925 seluas 22.600 ha. Sejak tahun 1776 luasan hutan jati yang musnah di daerah hutan ini mencapai 75 %. Dalam risalah ini disebutkan bahwa sebelum tahun 1776 hutan jati yang terdapat di lereng barat, utara dan timur Gunung Muria amat luas, tetapi pada tahun 1939 menyusut drastis.

Du Quesne menuturkan pula uraian E.H.B. Brascamp tentang hutan-hutan jati di daerah Semarang (Tectona 1938 halaman 821) yang dalam tahun 1776 masih cukup luas, terjajar di sepanjang sisi timur jalan raya Semarang-Ungaran, lebih kurang 21 kilometer. ***/SJTE Page

2007-12-22T10:19:00.001-08:00